With the accelerated pace of life, changes in diet, accumulation of bad habits, increased mental stress and environmental deterioration have posed a great threat to males′ health. Infertility has become a common disease with high incidence. Infertile women or men of childbearing age and pregnant couples often hope that doctors can give them dietary guidance. At present, there are many studies on the rational nutrition supplement for women before pregnancy, and there have been many progresses. However, there are few studies on the rational nutrition supplement for men preparing for childbirth. This paper summarizes some nutrients related to male fertility in the current studies, such as minerals (zinc, iron, calcium, magnesium, selenium), vitamins (vitamin A, B9, B12, C, D and E), and other important auxiliary nutrients (L-carnitine, lycopene, amino acids, coenzyme Q10, fructose, citric acid), hoping to give guidance to the males preparing for childbirth.

To explore the prenatal diagnosis, gene mutation types and pregnancy outcome of fetal hemoglobin (Hb) H disease in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region.

A total of 440 fetuses diagnosed with Hb H disease were selected as research subjects in the Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region from January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2019. The genomic DNA of fetuses and their parents was extracted by DNA extraction kit. Three common deletion mutations of α-Thalassemia genes (--^SEA, -α^3.7, -α^4.2) were detected by gap-crossing PCR (Gap-PCR), and the common α- and β-Thalassemia genes point mutations were detected by PCR-reverse dots blot hybridization. For couples whose test results of the above-mentioned conventional methods were normal while Thalassemia screening suggesting a high risk, multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) or DNA sequencing technology was used for further testing.The detection rate of fetal Hb H disease from 2015 to 2019 was compared using linear-by-linear association chi-square test.The procedure followed in this study complied with the requirements of the World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki revised in 2013.

①In this study, the overall detection rate of fetal Hb H disease was 9.95% (440/4 421). There was no statistically significant difference in the detection rates of fetal Hb H disease from 2015 to 2019 (P>0.05). ②Among 440 Hb H disease fetuses, the top 4 Hb H disease genotypes were -α^3.7/--^SEA, α^CSα/--^SEA, -α^4.2/--^SEA and α^WSα/--^SEA, which accounting for 39.32% (173/440), 30.23% (133/440), 14.09% (62/440) and 10.91% (48/440), respectively. In addition, 32 cases of Hb H disease fetuses were detected with β-Thalassemia gene mutations, and 20 cases were detected with β^CD41-42/β^N genotype, 6 cases with β^CD17/β^N, 2 cases with β^CD17/β^CD17 genotype, 2 cases with β^CD71-72/β^N, 1 case with β^CD43/β^N, and 1 case with β^-28/β^N.③Among 440 pregnant women with fetal Hb H disease, 1 case (0.23%) had spontaneous abortion, 228 cases (51.82%) chose artificial termination of pregnancy; 135 cases (30.68%) had spontaneous delivery, 65 cases (14.77%) gave birth by cesarean section; and 11 cases (2.50%) had an unknown pregnancy outcome.

The detection rate of fetal Hb H disease in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region is 9.95% (440/4 421). There are various types of gene mutations, and some of them are combined with β-Thalassemia gene mutations. The proportion of pregnant women with fetal Hb H disease choosing artificial termination of pregnancy is high. Extensive implementation of Thalassemia screening and prenatal genetic diagnosis for the fertile population is of great significance for prevention and control of birth defects in Hb H disease.

To explore the clinical efficacy and safety between atosiban and ritodrine in treatment of preterm labour.

The relevant data base were searched according to the principles of systematic review to collect all the randomized controlled trials(RCT) involving treatment of preterm labour using atosiban and ritodrine. According to treatment strategies, the subjects were divided into atosiban group and ritodrine group. Meta-analysis of including studies was performed by Rev Man 5.1 software.

A total of 4 pieces RCT were included with 420 subjects．①Three of them were English literature, RCT with high quality included patients of preterm labour．The Meta-analysis showed there were no statistic differences in tocolytic efficacy, gestational age at delivery, birth weight of neonatal, rates of neonatal asphyxia or perinatal death between two groups (P>0.05) ．The incidence of maternal tachycardia and early drug termination due to adverse events in atosiban group were substantially lower than those in ritodrine group [RR=0.02, 95% CI(0.01-0.08) , P<0.01; RR=0.03, 95% CI(0.01-0.15) , P<0.01], respectively．②One Chinese study with relatively lower quality included patients of threatened preterm labour．A descriptive analysis conducted independently showed that there were no significant differences between two groups in time-to-effect, prolonged pregnancy duration, tocolysis rate, full-term delivery rate, birth weight or adverse events rate (P>0.05) .

Atosiban treatment of preterm labour was better than that of ritodrine. There had difference between domestic and abroad studies in term of incidence of adverse events. It is quite necessary to perform more high-quality and large-scale RCT in combination with cost-effectiveness evaluation to assess the exact clinic value of atosiban in treatment of preterm labour more reliably.

To explore the incidence of various inborn errors metabolism (IEM) in newborns in minority nationality regions of Hainan Province.

A total of 37 482 newborns born from January 1, 2018 to January 31, 2020 in minority nationality regions of Hainan Province were selected as research subjects. All guardians of these newborns agreed to be screened for IEM. Tandem mass spectrometry was used to screen neonatal heel blood (dried blood spots of disk bioassay) for various IEM. For part of newborns whose screening results were suspicious of IEM, their peripheral blood were collected and sent out for genetic testing to confirm the types of IEM and genetic mutations.The lowest incidence of IEM between male and female children in minority nationality regions of Hainan Province were compared statistically by chi-square test. This study was approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of Hainan General Hospital [Approval No. Medical Ethics (2018) No. 14].

① Among 38 586 live births in research regions during the research period, there were 37 482 cases received IEM screening, and the coverage rate of neonatal IEM screening was 97.1%. ②Among 37 482 newborns, 89 of them were suspected of IEM. Among 89 suspected of IEM newborns, 24 of them were conducted genetic testing, and 19 were firmly diagnosed as IEM. The diagnostic rate of IEM in 24 suspected newborns was 79.2% (19/24).Because only part of newborns with suspected IEM received genetic testing, the lowest incidence of IEM among newborns in the research regions was 51/100 000 (19/37 482). In this study, the lowest incidence of IEM were 57/100 000 (12/21 136) for males and 43/100 000 (7/16 346) for females newborns, and there was no significant difference between them (χ²=0.354, P=0.552). ③ Among 19 newborns with firmly diagnosis of IEM all had gene mutations, and there were 5 cases of aminoacidopathy, 5 cases of organic acid metabolism disorder, 2 cases of urea circulation disorder and 7 cases of fatty acid β oxidation metabolism disorder, respectively.

The incidence of IEM in newborns in the research regions was relatively high and with many types.We suggest that various IEM screening should be carried out among newborns in minority nationality regions of Hainan Province to improve life quality of IEM newborns.

To study the clinical characteristics and pregnancy outcomes of listeriosis during pregnancy in order to improve the obstetricians′ understanding of the disease and the prognosis of patients and their newborns.

A total of 14 patients of listeriosis during pregnancy from April 2011 to August 2018 in Sichuan Provincial Hospital for Women and Children, were chosen as research subjects. Their clinical case data were analyzed retrospectively, including general conditions, clinical symptoms, laboratory results, antibiotics treatment and pregnancy outcomes of patients, and general conditions of fetus or newborns, also clinical symptoms, treatments and outcomes of alive newborns. Spearman rank correlation analysis method was used to analyze the correlation between rash and death of alive newborns infected by Listeria monocytogenes (LM). Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare the time of first use of antibacterials between cured and dead newborns who were live birth and infected by LM. This study was in line with the requirements of World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki revised in 2013.

①The average age of 14 patients of listeriosis during pregnancy was 29.3 years old, ranging from 21 to 40 years old, and the average gestational age at onset was 31^{+ 2} weeks. Three cases of them occurred in the second trimester and the other 11 cases occurred in the third trimester of pregnancy. Fever of patients and fetal movement abnormalities were the most common clinical symptoms of patients of listeriosis during pregnancy, the ratio of these two clinical symptoms were 85.7% (12/14) and 64.3% (9/14), respectively. Other clinical symptoms including abdominal pain (57.1%, 8/14), uterine tenderness (35.7%, 5/14) of patients, etc.. Among the 11 patients of listeriosis during pregnancy in the third trimester, there were 9 cases (81.8%, 9/11) of abnormal of fetal monitoring and 9 cases (81.8%, 9/11) of amniotic fluid. ② The samples of LM detected in our study were blood, amniotic fluid and cervical secretions of patients of listeriosis during pregnancy, and blood and cerebrospinal fluid of their newborns. Among 8 cases of 14 patients of listeriosis during pregnancy who took placenta pathological examinations, all of them were acute chorioamnionitis. ③ All the 14 patients of listeriosis during pregnancy were treated by anti-infection and their prognosis was favorable. However, among 15 cases of fetuses or newborns (including twins) of 14 patients of listeriosis during pregnancy, 11 cases (73.3%) were live births, and among them, 5 cases were cured and 6 cases died. The mortality of 15 fetuses or newborns was 66.7% (10/15). ④The correlation analysis showed that there was a correlation between rash and death of alive newborns infected by LM (r=0.633, P=0.036). There was no significant differences between cured and dead newborns who were live birth and infected by LM in the time of first use of antibacterials (Z=—0.471, P=0.638).

Patients of listeriosis during pregnancy has no specific clinical manifestation. The empirical antibiotic therapy before final diagnosis has poor therapeutic effect. The prognosis of patient of listeriosis during pregnancy after treatment by anti-infection is favorable, but the prognosis of its newborn is poor.

To investigate the clinical efficacy of CO₂ laser in the treatment of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia (VaIN).

A retrospective analysis was conducted on 607 patients with CIN and (or) VaIN, who were hospitalized at International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine from January 2016 to December 2016. Independent-samples t test was used for statistical analysis of age between different patients. Chi-square test was used to compare the composition ratio of different CO₂ laser positions, the composition ratio of different CO₂ laser times and the history of loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP). Multivariate unconditional logistic regression analysis was used to analyze influencing factors of human papillomavirus (HPV) negative rate and pathological degradation after CO₂ laser treatment. This study was in line with World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki revised in 2013.

① The total effective rate of CO₂ laser treatment was 95.4% (579/607), and the disease recurrence rate was 4.6% (28/607). Among them, the effective rates of CO₂ laser treatment for CIN, VaIN and CIN with VaIN were 95.3% (430/451), 98.1% (102/104) and 90.4% (47/52), respectively. ② After CO₂ laser treatment, the negative rate of HPV was 74.1% (450/607). The negative rates of HPV in CIN, VaIN and CIN with VaIN were 80.0% (361/451), 54.8% (57/104) and 61.5% (32/52), respectively. ③ Multiple unconditional logistic regression analysis showed that the history of LEEP (OR=0.500, 95%CI: 0.273-0.915, P=0.025) was an independent protective factor for HPV turning negative 2 years after CIN and/or VaIN patients received CO₂ laser treatment. ④ After CO₂ laser treatment, the rate of pathological grade reduction was 93.7% (569/607). Among them, the pathological grade reduction rates of CIN, VaIN and CIN with VaIN were 93.6% (422/451), 98.1% (102/104) and 86.5% (45/52), respectively. Multiple unconditional logistic regression analysis showed that the location of CO₂ laser treatment was cervix with vagina (OR=11.727, 95%CI: 1.337-102.859, P=0.026), which was an independent risk factor for CIN and/or VaIN patients′ pathological grade reduction after CO₂ laser treatment.

CO₂ laser treatment of CIN and (or) VaIN is safe and effective. After treatment of CO₂ laser, HPV becomes negative and the pathological grade decreases due to different factors in CIN and (or) VaIN patients.

XYY syndrome, also named as super male syndrome, is the most common Y chromosome abnormality disease behind Klinefelter syndrome. The clinical phenotypes of XYY syndrome are quite different. The detection rate of XYY syndrome was low in the past, but with the development of prenatal diagnosis technics and the increasing attention paid by couples to the fetuses, the rate of prenatal diagnosis of fetal XYY syndrome is increasing. Currently, after the intrauterine diagnosis of fetal XYY syndrome, a multidisciplinary team is required to evaluate the prognosis of the fetus, and provide detailed and unbiased clinical consultations to the pregnant couples. After the birth of children with XYY syndrome, multidisciplinary team is still needed to carry out rehabilitation intervention and training for some children with XYY syndrome who have behavioral and cognitive problems. Assisted reproductive technology is needed to improve the pregnancy rate of patients with XYY syndrome and avoid adverse pregnancy outcomes. This article focuses on the latest research progresses in genetic background, diagnosis, fetal perinatal outcomes and postnatal survival, clinical phenotypes, evaluation and treatment of children with XYY syndrome, so as to provide clinical reference for childbearing couples who may be pregnant with children with XYY syndrome.

Neonatal lupus syndromes (NLS) is an acquired autoimmune disease, which is mediated by maternal antibodies. Maternal anti-Sjogren′s syndrome A (SSA)/Ro, and anti-Sjogren′s syndrome B (SSB)/La antibodies are related with the transient cutaneous lupus and (or) transient/permanent congenital heart block (CHB). Though NLS is rare, it is seriously harmful to children or fetuses with CHB. There are many studies on the etiology and pathogenic mechanism of NLS, but the specific factors leading to the occurrence and development of NLS are still unclear. This article focuses on the current researches on etiology and pathogenesis of NLS and provides references for clinical treatment and further research of NLS.

Along with the increasing of influence factors of female hormone secretion, and the increasing risks of food quality and safety in China, the incidence of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is increasing year by year gradually. PCOS has a great impact on women's health. PCOS not only affects the female patients themselves, infertility caused by PCOS but also directly relateds to the health of their off-springs. To study the pathogenesis mechanism and treatment strategies of PCOS has become a hot issue in clinical research. Recent studies have confirmed that through reducing fat by exercises, other lifestyle adjustments, and long-term interventions could play a positive role on PCOS patients. At present, treatment strategies of PCOS are multi-faceted, in order to improve the life quality of PCOS patients. The article focuses on revealing the mechanism of PCOS and research progress of risk factors associated with PCOS and impact of reducing fat by exercises on patients.

To investigate the clinical performance of non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPS) in the detection of chromosome aneuploidies and genome-wide copy number variation (CNV).

A total of 50 975 serum specimens from singleton pregnant women who received NIPS at the Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region from January 2018 to December 2019 were selected into this study. Based on different risk factors, they were divided into 3 groups. Those with serologic screening results of high risk + elderly pregnant women + adverse maternal history/family history were included in high-risk group (n=22 852), those with moderate risk/critical risk of serologic screening and abnormal ultrasound soft indicators were included in moderate-risk group (n=4 584), and those without the above risk factors were included in low-risk group (n=23 539). For those with high risk of NIPS detection, chromosome karyotype analysis and chromosome microarray analysis (CMA) were used for interventional prenatal diagnosis. The study protocol was approved by the Ethics Review Committee of Guangxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital (approval No.[2020]9-2).

① Of 50 975 pregnant women who underwent NIPS, 702 cases showed high risk, with a total positive rate of 1.38%. Among them, the high risk of 21-, 18-and 13-trisomy was 175 cases (0.34%), 67 cases (0.13%) and 63 cases (0.12%), respectively, the high risk of sex chromosome aneuploidy abnormalities (SCA) was 205 cases (0.40%), the high risk of rare chromosome number abnormality (RCA) was 96 (0.19%), and the high risk of copy number variation (CNV) was 96 (0.19%). ②A total of 555 of the 702 positive cases (79.06%) were followed up by karyotyping and (or) CMA, 93 (16.76%) refused confirmatory diagnosis, 42 (7.57%) did not perform prenatal diagnosis because of abortion or induced labor, and 12 (1.71%) lost follow-up. ③The positive predictive values for trisomy 21, trisomy 18, trisomy 13, SCA, RCA, and CNV were 85.09% (137/161), 57.14% (28/49), 16.67% (9/54), 42.31% (66/156), 5.56% (4/72), and 42.86% (27/63), respectively. ④In 16 cases with high risk of NIPS screening, NIPS was not detected by interventional prenatal diagnosis, but other abnormal results were detected. Of the 4 fetuses with high risk of trisomy 21, CNV was detected in 3 and complex structural variation of chromosome 21 was detected in 1. In one case of 18-trisomy high-risk fetus, the karyotype analysis results suggested that it was 21-trisomy. Among the 2 fetuses with 13-trisomy high risk, one was a chimera with chromosome structural variation, and the other was CNV. CNV of other chromosomes was detected in 3 fetuses with high SCA risk and 2 fetuses with high RCA risk. Among the 4 fetuses with high risk of CNV, 47, XYYY were detected in 1 case and other CNV abnormalities were detected in 3 cases.

NIPS has a high clinical value for screening common chromosomal aneuploidies such as 21-, 18-, and 13-trisomies. the positive predictive value of NIPS for screening SCA, RCA and CNV is low, but combined with prenatal ultrasound and other related examination, it can provide a basis for genetic counseling and further prenatal diagnosis.