To study the clinical characteristics and pregnancy outcomes of listeriosis during pregnancy in order to improve the obstetricians′ understanding of the disease and the prognosis of patients and their newborns.

A total of 14 patients of listeriosis during pregnancy from April 2011 to August 2018 in Sichuan Provincial Hospital for Women and Children, were chosen as research subjects. Their clinical case data were analyzed retrospectively, including general conditions, clinical symptoms, laboratory results, antibiotics treatment and pregnancy outcomes of patients, and general conditions of fetus or newborns, also clinical symptoms, treatments and outcomes of alive newborns. Spearman rank correlation analysis method was used to analyze the correlation between rash and death of alive newborns infected by Listeria monocytogenes (LM). Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare the time of first use of antibacterials between cured and dead newborns who were live birth and infected by LM. This study was in line with the requirements of World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki revised in 2013.

①The average age of 14 patients of listeriosis during pregnancy was 29.3 years old, ranging from 21 to 40 years old, and the average gestational age at onset was 31^{+ 2} weeks. Three cases of them occurred in the second trimester and the other 11 cases occurred in the third trimester of pregnancy. Fever of patients and fetal movement abnormalities were the most common clinical symptoms of patients of listeriosis during pregnancy, the ratio of these two clinical symptoms were 85.7% (12/14) and 64.3% (9/14), respectively. Other clinical symptoms including abdominal pain (57.1%, 8/14), uterine tenderness (35.7%, 5/14) of patients, etc.. Among the 11 patients of listeriosis during pregnancy in the third trimester, there were 9 cases (81.8%, 9/11) of abnormal of fetal monitoring and 9 cases (81.8%, 9/11) of amniotic fluid. ② The samples of LM detected in our study were blood, amniotic fluid and cervical secretions of patients of listeriosis during pregnancy, and blood and cerebrospinal fluid of their newborns. Among 8 cases of 14 patients of listeriosis during pregnancy who took placenta pathological examinations, all of them were acute chorioamnionitis. ③ All the 14 patients of listeriosis during pregnancy were treated by anti-infection and their prognosis was favorable. However, among 15 cases of fetuses or newborns (including twins) of 14 patients of listeriosis during pregnancy, 11 cases (73.3%) were live births, and among them, 5 cases were cured and 6 cases died. The mortality of 15 fetuses or newborns was 66.7% (10/15). ④The correlation analysis showed that there was a correlation between rash and death of alive newborns infected by LM (r=0.633, P=0.036). There was no significant differences between cured and dead newborns who were live birth and infected by LM in the time of first use of antibacterials (Z=—0.471, P=0.638).

Patients of listeriosis during pregnancy has no specific clinical manifestation. The empirical antibiotic therapy before final diagnosis has poor therapeutic effect. The prognosis of patient of listeriosis during pregnancy after treatment by anti-infection is favorable, but the prognosis of its newborn is poor.