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中华妇幼临床医学杂志(电子版) ›› 2024, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (05) : 540 -548. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1673-5250.2024.05.010

产科前沿专辑

NLRP3炎症小体在胎膜早破孕妇血清中的表达及其意义
黄蓉1, 梁自毓1, 祁文瑾1,()   
  1. 1.昆明医科大学第一附属医院产科,昆明 650032
  • 收稿日期:2024-08-10 修回日期:2024-09-15 出版日期:2024-10-01
  • 通信作者: 祁文瑾
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(82260302)云南省教育厅教师类项目(2022J0242)

Expression and significance of NLRP3 inflammasome in serum of pregnant women with premature rupture of membranes

Rong Huang1, Ziyu Liang1, Wenjin Qi1,()   

  1. 1.Department of Obstetrics,the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University,Kunming 650032,Yunan Province,China
  • Received:2024-08-10 Revised:2024-09-15 Published:2024-10-01
  • Corresponding author: Wenjin Qi
引用本文:

黄蓉, 梁自毓, 祁文瑾. NLRP3炎症小体在胎膜早破孕妇血清中的表达及其意义[J/OL]. 中华妇幼临床医学杂志(电子版), 2024, 20(05): 540-548.

Rong Huang, Ziyu Liang, Wenjin Qi. Expression and significance of NLRP3 inflammasome in serum of pregnant women with premature rupture of membranes[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics(Electronic Edition), 2024, 20(05): 540-548.

目的

探讨核苷酸结合寡聚化结构域样受体蛋白(NLRP)3炎症小体在未足月胎膜早破(PPROM)与足月胎膜早破(TPROM)孕妇血清中的表达水平及意义。

方法

选择2022年4月至12月于昆明医科大学第一附属医院住院分娩的53 例胎膜早破(PROM)孕妇为研究对象,纳入PROM 组。再根据发生PROM 时孕妇孕龄,将PROM 组进一步分为PPROM 亚组(n=15)与TPROM 亚组(n=38)。选择同期于本院正常足月分娩的21例孕妇纳入对照组(n=21)。本研究获得昆明医科大学第一附属医院医学伦理委员会的批准(批准文号:2021-10-18),并与所有受试者签署临床研究知情同意书。采用酶联免疫吸附测定(ELISA)法,分别测定所有受试者入院时及PROM 组发生PROM 后12、24、36 h时,血清NLRP3炎症小体,包括NLRP3、衔接分子凋亡相关斑点样蛋白(ASC)、半胱氨酸天冬氨酸特异性蛋白酶(caspase)-1 水平,采用Kruskal-Wallis H 秩和检验进行PPROM 亚组、TPROM 亚组及对照组3组比较,进一步两两比较采用Mann-Whitney U 检验,并采用Bonferroni法调整P 值。收集PROM 组与对照组母儿预后相关指标,采用成组t 检验、Wilcoxon秩和检验、χ2 检验进行统计学比较。PPROM 亚组、TPROM 亚组与对照组孕妇年龄、分娩前人体质量指数(BMI)、孕次、初产妇占比等一般临床资料分别比较,差异均无统计学意义(P >0.05)。

结果

①PROM 组孕妇绒毛膜羊膜炎发生率、产程中最高体温及分娩出血量,均显著高于对照组,并且差异均有统计学意义(χ2=15.57、P<0.001,t=8.18、P<0.001,T=738.50、P=0.027)。PROM组新生儿转入新生儿科比例、感染发生率及生后12 h白细胞计数(WBC),均显著高于对照组(χ2=6.91、P=0.009,χ2=11.04、P=0.001,t=3.52、P=0.004)。②PPROM 亚组、TPROM 亚组及对照组孕妇入院时血清NLRP3炎症小体(NLRP3、ASC、caspase-1)水平分别比较,差异均有统计学意义(H=77.00、48.42、83.36,P<0.001)。进一步两两比较结果显示,PPROM 亚组、TPROM 亚组及对照组入院时,血清NLRP3与caspase-1水平均呈下降趋势,任意2组两两比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。③PPROM 亚组孕妇入院时及发生PROM 后12、24 h时,血清ASC和caspase-1水平分别总体比较,差异均有统计学意义(H=20.38、33.20,P <0.001)。进一步两两比较结果显示,PPROM 亚组孕妇入院时及发生PROM 后12、24 h时,血清caspase-1水平呈增高趋势,任意时间点两两比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.001)。④TPROM 亚组孕妇入院时及发生PROM 后12、24、36 h时,血清NLRP3炎症小体(NLRP3、ASC、caspase-1)水平分别总体比较,差异均有统计学意义(H=65.20、61.24、100.49,P <0.001);进一步两两比较结果显示,TPROM 亚组孕妇入院时及PROM 后12、24、36 h时,血清caspase-1水平呈增高趋势,任意时间点两两比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。

结论

PROM 可导致包括母体绒毛膜羊膜炎、分娩出血量增多及新生儿感染等严重不良结局。NLRP3炎症小体过度激活与PROM 发生、发展密切相关,孕妇发生PROM 时孕龄越小、持续时间越长,血清NLRP3炎症小体表达越显著。

Objective

To investigate the expression and significance of nucleotide binding oligomerization domain-like receptor protein (NLRP)3 inflammasome in the serum of pregnant women with preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM)and term premature rupture of membranes(TPROM).

Methods

A total of 53 pregnant women with premature rupture of membranes(PROM)who delivered in the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University from April to December 2022 were selected as research objects,and included into PROM group.According to PROM group pregnant women's gestational age,they were further divided into PPROM subgroup (n=15)and TPROM subgroup (n=38).Twenty-one pregnant women with normal full-term delivery in our hospital during the same period were selected as the control group n=21).This study was approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University(Approval No.2021-10-18),and clinical research informed consents were obtained from all the participants.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay ELISA)was used to measure the serum levels of NLRP3 inflammasome,including NLRP3,apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD(ASC)and cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase (caspase)-1]at admission and 12,24,and 36 h after PROP,and Kruskal-Wallis H rank sum test was used for comparison among two subgroups and control group,and Mann-Whitney U test was used for further pairwise comparison,and Bonferroni method was used to adjust P values.The related indicators of maternal and neonatal prognosis between PROM group and control group were compared by independent-samples t test,Wilcoxon rank sum test,and chi-square test.There were no significant differences in general clinical data such as age,body mass index(BMI)before delivery,gravidity,and the proportion of primiparas among two subgroups and control group (P >0.05).

Results

①The incidence of chorioamnionitis,the highest body temperature during labor and the amount of bleeding during labor in PROM group were significantly higher than those control group,and all the differences were statistically significant(χ2=15.57,P <0.001;t=8.18,P <0.001;T=738.50,P=0.027).The proportion of neonates transferred to the department of neonatology,incidence of infection and white blood cell count(WBC)at 12 h after birth in PROM group were significantly higher than those in control group (χ2=6.91,P=0.009; χ2=11.04,P =0.001;t=3.52,P =0.004).②The serum levels of NLRP3 inflammasome (NLRP3,ASC,caspase-1)in PPROM subgroup,TPROM subgroup and control group on admission were compared,and the differences were statistically significant (H =77.00,48.42,83.36;P<0.001).Further pairwise comparison results showed that serum levels of NLRP3 and caspase-1 on admission in PPROM subgroup,TPROM subgroup,and control group all showed a downward trend,and the differences between any two groups were statistically significant(P <0.05).③There were statistically significant differences in serum ASC and caspase-1 levels at admission and 12 and 24 h after PROM in PPROM subgroup (H =20.38,33.20;P <0.001).Further pairwise comparison results showed that the serum caspase-1 level of pregnant women in PPROM subgroup showed an increasing trend at admission and 12 and 24 h after PROM,and the differences between any two time points were statistically s ignificant (P <0.001).④There were statistically significant differences in serum NLRP3 inflammasome (NLRP3,ASC,caspase-1)levels at admission and 12,24,36 h after PROM in TPROM subgroup (H=65.20,61.24,100.49;P<0.001).Further pairwise comparison results showed that the serum caspase-1 level of pregnant women in TPROM subgroup showed an increasing trend at admission and 12,24,and 36 h after PROM,and the differences between any two time points were statistically significant (P <0.05).

Conclusions

PROM can lead to serious adverse outcomes,including maternal chorioamnionitis,increased bleeding during labor,and neonatal infection.The over-activation of NLRP3 inflammasome is closely related to the occurrence and development of PROM.The younger the gestational age at PROM and the longer the duration of rupture of membranes,the more significant the expression of NLRP3 inflammasome in serum.

表1 PPROM 亚组、TPROM 亚组与对照组孕妇一般临床资料比较
表2 PROM 组和对照组母儿预后比较
表3 PPROM 亚组、TPROM 亚组及对照组孕妇入院时血清NLRP3炎症小体水平比较[MQ1Q3)]
表4 PPROM 亚组孕妇不同时间点血清NLRP3炎症小体表达水平比较[MQ1Q3)]
表5 TPROM 亚组孕妇不同时间点血清NLRP3炎症小体水平比较[MQ1Q3)]
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