Chinese Medical E-ournals Database

Chinese Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics(Electronic Edition) ›› 2025, Vol. 21 ›› Issue (01): 114 -121. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1673-5250.2025.01.015

Original Article

Efficacy analysis of uterine artery embolization in the treatment of retained placenta by dilation and curettage for patients with retained placenta and patients with retained placenta complicated with placenta accreta after vaginal delivery

Juan Yang1, Xue Du1, Wang Tian1, Wenjie Lyu1, Yuanyuan Yang1, Zongzhi Yin1,()   

  1. 1. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology,The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University,Hefei 230022,Anhui Province,China
  • Received:2024-08-08 Revised:2025-01-07 Published:2025-02-01
  • Corresponding author: Zongzhi Yin

Objective

To explore the therapeutic effects of retained placenta by dilation and curettage directly and dilation and curettage after uterine artery embolization for patients with retained placenta and patients with retained placenta complicated with placenta accreta after vaginal delivery.

Methods

From January 2014 to December 2022,85 patients who were hospitalized in the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University for placenta retention after vaginal delivery were selected as the research objects.The patients were divided into group A (n=45,retained placenta alone)and group B (n=40,retained placenta combined with placenta accreta),according to whether combined with abnormally invasive placenta or not.Patients in both groups were treated with placenta retention by dilation and curettage directly or dilation and curettage after uterine artery embolization based on specific conditions.The clinical data of the patients in the two groups were analyzed using retrospective analysis.Independent-samples t test,Wilcoxon rank sum test and chi-square test were used to statistically compare the clinical data between two groups,diagnostic accuracy for retained placenta combined with placenta accreta between ultrasound and MRI,and to compare the intraoperative bleeding volume,postoperative pelvic infection rate,etc.between two methods of dilation and curettage,respectively in each group.Spearman correlation analysis was used to analyze the relationship between intraoperative bleeding volume and the time interval between delivery of the fetus and delivery of the placenta,and the maximum cross-sectional area of the retained placenta,respectively.The procedures followed in this study were in accordance with the requirements of the Ethics Committee of our institution (Approval No.2024-01-34).

Results

①There were no significant differences in the age,body mass index (BMI),number of pregnancies,history of previous uterine operations,proportion of embryo transferees,gestational age at delivery,hospital level of delivery (≤level 2,level 3),location of retained placenta (cavity of the uterus,fundus of the uterus,angle of the uterus),types of retained placenta (partially,completely),and the interval between delivery of the fetus and delivery of the placenta between 2 groups (P>0.05).The maximum crosssectional area of retained placenta and intraoperative bleeding volume of patients in group B were 60.0 cm2(41.0 cm2,92.1 cm2)and 175.0 m L(72.5 m L,400.0 m L),respectively,which were greater than those of 41.4 cm2 (16.9 cm2,77.8 cm2)and 100.0 m L(50.0 m L,200.0 m L)in group A,and the differences were statistically significant (Z=-2.69,-2.10;P=0.007,0.036).②In group A,there were no significant differences between patients with dilation and curettage directly and patients with dilation and curettage after uterine artery embolization of intraoperative bleeding volume,and the incidence of bleeding volume≥200 m L,≥300 m L,≥400 m L and≥500 m L (P>0.05).While in group B,the intraoperative bleeding volume,incidence of bleeding volume≥300 m L and≥400 m L in patients underwent dilation and curettage after uterine artery embolization were 100 m L(50 m L,275 m L),27.6%and 20.7%,which were significantly lower than those of 400 m L(150 m L,480 m L),72.7%and 63.6%in patients underwent dilation and curettage directly,and the differences were statistically significant (Z=-2.36,P=0.018; χ2=5.02,P=0.014; χ2=4.89,P=0.020).③The time interval between delivery of the fetus and delivery of the placenta in group A had no correlation with intraoperative bleeding amount of patients underwent dilation and curettage directly or dilation and curettage after uterine artery embolization(all with P >0.05);as well as patients in group B(all with P >0.05).The maximum cross-sectional area of retained placenta in group A had no correlation with intraoperative bleeding amount in either dilation and curettage directly or dilation and curettage after uterine artery embolization(all with P >0.05);as well as patients in group B(all with P >0.05).④In group A,there were no significant differences between patients underwent dilation and curettage directly and patients underwent dilation and curettage after uterine artery embolization in the pelvic infection rate before or after dilation and curettage,and the proportion of patients underwent dilation and curettage≥2 times (P >0.05);as well as patients in group B(P>0.05).⑤There were no significant differences in the diagnostic accuracy,sensitivity,and specificity between abdominal ultrasound and MRI for patients with retained placenta combined with placenta accreta after vaginal delivery (P>0.05).

Conclusions

For patients with placenta retention after vaginal delivery,if they are not complicated with placenta accreta,they can be treated by dilation and curettage directly.If placenta accreta is combined,they can be treated by dilation and curettage after uterine artery embolization based on their specific situation,which may reduce the intraoperative blood loss.

表1 2组胎盘滞留患者临床资料比较
表2 A 组胎盘滞留患者不同清宫治疗方案术中出血量及不同出血量发生率比较
表3 B组胎盘滞留合并胎盘植入患者不同清宫治疗方案术中出血量及不同出血量发生率比较
表4 2组患者胎儿娩出和胎盘娩出间隔时间与胎盘滞留患者清宫术中出血量的关系
表5 2组患者胎盘滞留的最大横截面积与胎盘滞留患者清宫术中出血量的关系
表6 2组胎盘滞留患者不同清宫治疗方案的术后感染率及清宫次数比较[例数(%)]
表7 腹部超声对阴道分娩后胎盘滞留患者是否合并胎盘植入的诊断结果四格表(例)
表8 腹部MRI对阴道分娩后胎盘滞留患者是否合并胎盘植入的诊断结果四格表(例)
表9 腹部超声与MRI对阴道分娩后胎盘滞留患者合并胎盘植入的诊断效能比较
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