Chinese Medical E-ournals Database

Chinese Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics(Electronic Edition) ›› 2024, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (06): 659 -667. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1673-5250.2024.06.010

Original Article

Pregnancy outcomes and theoretical peak number of treatment cycle of in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer in infertile women with low anti-Mullerian hormone

Mengting He1, Jia Liao1, Jincheng Zhang1, Shawei Sa1, Shaorong Xu2, Xia Zhao1, Qianhong Ma1,()   

  1. 1. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology,Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University),Ministry of Education,West China Second University Hospital,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610041,Sichuan Province,China
    2. Reproductive Medicine Center,Mianyang Central Hospital,School of Medicine,University of Electronic Science and Technology of China,Mianyang 621000,Sichuan Province,China
  • Received:2024-06-07 Revised:2024-11-10 Published:2024-12-01
  • Corresponding author: Qianhong Ma

Objective

To explore the pregnancy outcomes of in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET)and theoretical peak number of treatment cycles in infertile women with low levels of anti-Müllerian hormone(AMH)at different ages.

Methods

A total of 1 675 infertile women with serum AMH level<1.4 ng/m L who underwent IVF-ET/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI)-ET at the Reproductive Center of West China Second University Hospital,Sichuan University,from January 2020 to March 2023 were selected for this study,involving 1 837 cycles.The patients were divided into group A (n=733,age≥35 years)and group B(n=1 104,age<35 years)according to the age when receiving IVF-ET/ICSI-ET treatment by retrospective study method.According to the number of IVF-ET/ICSI cycles,group A patients were further divided into subgroup A1(n=518),subgroup A2(n=155),subgroup A3(n=34),subgroup A4(n=16),and subgroup A5(n=10),patients who received 1 to 4,and≥5 IVF-ET/ICSI-ET cycles,respectively;group B patients were further divided into subgroup B1(n=889),subgroup B2(n=171),subgroup B3(n=36),and subgroup B4(n=8),patients who received 1 to 3,and≥4 IVF-ET/ICSI-ET cycles,respectively.Kruskal-Wallis H rank sum test and chi-square test were used to compare the clinical data,clinical pregnancy rate and live birth rate of patients in subgroups A1-A5 and B1-B4.This study was in line with the requirements of WorldMedical AssociationDeclaration ofHelsinki revised in 2013.

Results

①The differences of age,serum basal follicle stimulating hormone(FSH)level,basal estradiol level,estradiol level on human chorionic gonadotropin(hCG)day,progesterone level on hCG day,gonadotropin(Gn)dosage,number of retrieved oocytes and number of meiosis(M)Ⅱstage oocytes among subgroups A1-A5 were statistically significant( P<0.05).The differences of duration of infertility,AMH levels,and number of MⅡoocytes among s ubgroups B1-B4 were statistically significant (P<0.05).②The clinical pregnancy rates in subgroups A1-A5 were 32.4%,27.7%,17.6%,25.0%,and 0,respectively,and the live birth rates were 23.4%,16.1%,11.8%,18.8%,and 0,respectively,and there were no significant differences in clinical pregnancy rates and live birth rates among subgroups A1-A5(P >0.05).The clinical pregnancy rates in subgroups B1-B4 were 48.3%,45.6%,41.7%,and 62.5%,respectively,and the live birth rates were 41.2%,38.6%,36.1%,and 50.0%,respectively,and there were no significant differences in clinical pregnancy rates and live birth rates among subgroups B1-B4(P>0.05).③The clinical pregnancy rate and live birth rate of subgroup A1 were significantly lower than those of subgroup B1,and those of subgroup A2 were significantly lower than those of subgroup B2,those of subgroup A3 were significantly lower than those of subgroup B3,and those of subgroup A4+A5 were significantly lower than those of B4 subgroup,and all the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05).

Conclusions

The clinical pregnancy rate and live birth rate of infertile women with low AMH levels aged<35 years were significantly higher than those in women aged≥35 years.It is recommended that the theoretical peak number of IVF-ET cycles for infertile women with low AMH levels aged≥35 years be set at 4 cycles,while the theoretical peak number for women aged<35 years be set at 3 cycles.

表1 A1~A5亚组患者相关临床比较[MQ1Q3)或例数(%)]
组别 周期数 年龄(岁) 不孕年限(年) BMI(kg/m2 AMH(ng/mL) 基础FSH(IU/L) 基础LH(IU/L) 基础雌二醇(pg/mL) 基础孕激素(ng/mL) hCG日LH水平(IU/L)
A1亚组 518 38.0(36.0,40.0) 3.0(1.0,6.0) 22.1(20.8,23.8) 0.9(0.6,1.1) 7.2(4.7,10.0) 3.8(2.6,5.8) 73.5(41.9,126.9) 0.6(0.4,3.4) 2.6(1.5,4.1)
A2亚组 155 38.0(36.0,41.0) 2.0(1.0,5.0) 22.5(21.0,23.9) 0.9(0.6,1.1) 8.3(6.0,11.0) 4.0(2.7,6.4) 71.2(40.4,140.6) 0.6(0.4,4.1) 2.3(1.4,3.7)
A3亚组 34 39.5(37.0,42.0) 2.5(1.0,5.3) 23.1(21.0,24.8) 0.7(0.5,1.0) 9.5(5.4,11.3) 3.3(1.8,5.0) 71.2(36.1,127.4) 0.6(0.3,5.8) 2.0(1.2,4.3)
A4亚组 16 39.0(37.0,40.8) 3.0(1.3,7.5) 23.3(20.2,25.0) 0.9(0.5,1.2) 8.4(4.6,11.1) 2.7(1.6,4.8) 161.1(95.0,590.4) 5.1(0.4,18.1) 2.3(1.4,4.1)
A5亚组 10 43.0(38.3,5.0) 2.5(0.8,3.8) 23.6(22.7,26.2) 0.7(0.3,1.0) 9.3(6.5,16.0) 4.1(2.9,8.3) 124.1(22.5,627.0) 0.7(0.3,7.0) 4.3(1.9,7.5)
统计量 H =19.10 H =2.54 H =8.98 H =3.99 H =12.38 H =8.72 H =11.79 H =3.94 H =7.46
P 0.001 0.637 0.062 0.407 0.015 0.069 0.019 0.414 0.113
组别 周期数 hCG日雌二醇水平(pg/mL) hCG日孕激素水平(ng/mL) COS方案 Gn使用剂量(IU) 获卵数(个) MⅡ期卵母细胞数(个) 双原核数(个) 优质胚胎率(%) 移植胚胎数(个)
GnRH-a长方案 GnRH 拮抗剂方案
A1亚组 518 1 117.6(685.7,1 647.2) 0.7(0.5,0.8) 20(3.9) 498(96.1) 2 550(2 175,3 075) 4.0(3.0,6.0) 3.0(2.0,5.0) 2.0(2.0,4.0) 0.3(0,0.5) 2.0(1.0,2.0)
A2亚组 155 942.0(561.4,1 358.5) 0.6(0.4,0.8) 3(1.9) 152(98.1) 2 400(1 950,2 775) 4.0(2.0,5.0) 3.0(2.0,5.0) 2.0(1.0,4.0) 0.3(0,0.6) 2.0(1.0,2.0)
A3亚组 34 1 122.4(544.0,1 412.6) 0.6(0.4,0.8) 3(8.8) 31(91.2) 2 588(1 950,3 188) 3.5(2.0,5.0) 3.0(2.0,4.3) 2.0(1.0,4.0) 0.3(0,0.5) 2.0(1.0,2.0)
A4亚组 16 1 209.1(547.5,1 650.8) 0.5(0.5,0.8) 0(0) 16(100.0) 2 900(1 875,3 412) 3.0(2.0,5.0) 2.5(2.0,4.0) 2.0(1.3,2.8) 0.3(0,1.0) 1.5(1.0,2.0)
A5亚组 10 851.8(481.0,964.2) 0.5(0.4,0.6) 0(0) 10(100.0) 2 325(2 062,2 588) 2.0(1.8,3.0) 2.0(1.8,3.0) 2.0(1.0,2.3) 0.3(0,0.5) 2.0(1.0,2.0)
统计量 H =15.17 H =10.71 χ2=3.87 H =11.53 H =11.52 H =9.95 H =4.15 H =1.18 H =0.36
P 0.004 0.030 0.332 0.021 0.021 0.041 0.386 0.882 0.985
续表2
组别 周期数 年龄(岁) 不孕年限(年) BMI(kg/m2 AMH(ng/mL) 基础FSH(IU/L) 基础LH(IU/L) 基础雌二醇(pg/mL) 基础孕激素(ng/mL) hCG日LH(IU/L)
B1亚组 889 31.0(29.0,33.0) 2.0(1.0,4.0) 21.5(20.0,23.6) 0.9(0.7,1.2) 7.3(5.3,9.6) 3.9(2.6,5.7) 66.5(39.1,120.9) 0.6(0.4,2.5) 2.0(1.2,3.1)
B2亚组 171 31.0(29.0,32.0) 3.0(2.0,5.0) 21.5(20.0,23.4) 0.9(0.6,1.1) 7.4(4.9,10.0) 3.8(2.6,5.4) 74.5(41.0,130.6) 0.6(0.4,3.8) 1.8(1.2,2.8)
B3亚组 36 31.5(29.0,33.0) 3.0(2.0,5.0) 21.1(19.9,23.7) 0.7(0.5,1.0) 6.9(5.3,10.8) 3.8(2.0,6.6) 89.7(44.7,153.4) 0.8(0.5,4.8) 2.0(1.2,2.9)
B4亚组 8 33.0(30.0,34.0) 4.5(3.0,7.0) 20.9(20.2,23.7) 0.6(0.3,1.0) 7.3(3.8,9.9) 2.7(2.2,4.0) 59.2(49.1,164.1) 0.8(0.5,7.0) 1.1(0.7,1.5)
统计量 H =2.07 H =16.58 H =0.64 H =14.35 H =0.52 H =3.35 H =4.88 H =3.48 H =5.54
P 0.558 0.001 0.886 0.002 0.914 0.341 0.181 0.324 0.136
组别 周期数 hCG日雌二醇水平(pg/mL) hCG日孕激素水平(ng/mL) COS方案 Gn使用剂量(IU) 获卵数(个) M 期卵母细胞数(个) 双原核数(个) 优质胚胎率(%) 移植胚胎数(个)
GnRH-a长方案 GnRH 拮抗剂方案
B1亚组 889 1 321.9(838.8,1 936.9) 0.7(0.5,0.9) 60(6.7) 829(93.3) 2 550(2 175,3 000) 5.0(3.0,7.0) 4.0(3.0,6.0) 3.0(2.0,4.0) 0.3(0.1,0.5) 2.0(1.0,2.0)
B2亚组 171 1 180.4(772.6,1 879.0) 0.7(0.5,0.9) 8(4.7) 163(95.3) 2 475(2 100,3 075) 5.0(3.0,7.0) 4.0(3.0,5.0) 3.0(2.0,4.0) 0.3(0,0.5) 2.0(1.0,2.0)
B3亚组 36 1 271.9(839.9,2 195.9) 0.6(0.5,0.8) 1(2.8) 35(97.2) 2 850(2 362,3 150) 4.0(3.0,7.0) 4.0(2.0,5.0) 2.5(2.0,3.8) 0.3(0,0.5) 2.0(1.0,2.0)
B4亚组 8 957.8(579.0,2 099.1) 0.6(0.3,1.0) 0(0) 8(100.0) 2 588(1 800,2 962) 2.5(2.0,7.0) 2.0(2.0,6.8) 2.0(2.0,6.0) 0.5(0.3,1.0) 2.0(2.0,2.0)
统计量 H =2.80 H =3.35 χ2=1.24 H =5.34 H =6.37 H =7.99 H =5.06 H =5.93 H =3.01
P 0.424 0.341 0.712 0.148 0.095 0.046 0.167 0.115 0.391
表3 A1~A5亚组患者妊娠结局比较[%(n/n')]
表4 B1~B4亚组患者妊娠结局比较[%(n/n')]
续表5
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