Association Between Pre-pregnancy Body Mass Index and Maternal Weight Gain and Birth Weight

doi:10.3877/cma.j.issn.1673-5250.2009.05.109

Objective

To analyze the relationship among pre-pregnancy body mass index(BMI), gestational weight gain and birth weight.

Methods

From July 2006 to June 2007, 2734 pregnant women who delivered in the department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second Hospital of Sichuan University were enrolled in this study. They were divided into low BMI group(BMI<16.75 kg/m^2, n=51), normal BMI group(BMI: (16.75~23.71) kg/m^2, n=2330) and high BMI group(BMI>23.71 kg/m^2, n=353) based on the pre-pregnancy body mass index. In normal BMI group, patients were further divided into 3 subgroups according to the gestational weight gain, <13.13 kg group, (13.13~20.25) kg group and >20.25 kg group. The relationship among pre-pregnancy body mass index, gestational weight gain and birth weight in each group were analyzed.

Results

The correlation coefficient(r) of body mass index to birth weight in low BMI group, normal BMI group and high BMI group was 0.128(P>0.05), 0.138(P<0.01) and 0.126(P<0.05), respectively. And the correlation coefficient of gestational weight gain in each group to birth weight were 0.629(P<0.001), 0.236(P<0.001) and 0.195(P<0.001), respectively. In normal BMI group, the incidence of macrosomia in women with gestational weight gain<13.13 kg was lower than that of women with gestational weight gain between 13.13 kg and 20.25 kg(OR=0.617, 95%CI: 0.424~0.864, P<0.05). Compared with women with gestational weight gain between 13.13 kg and 20.25 kg, the incidence of macrosomia of women with gestational weight gain more than 20.25 kg was much higher(OR=1.622, 95%CI: 1.116~2.356; P<0.05). The association between the incidence of low birth weight and gestational weight gain in normal BMI group and high BMI group had no significance (P>0.05), so did the association between the incidence of muaorosomia and gestational weight gain in high BMI group (P>0.05).

Conclusion

Pre-pregnancy body mass index and gestational weight gain had a positive correlation to birth weight. In order to decrease the incidence of macrosomia, gestational weight gain should be limited below 20.25 kg.

Key words: pre-pregnancy body mass index(pre-pregnancy BMI), gestational weight gain, birth weight

图1　孕前低BMI组体重指数与新生儿体重的关系

图2　孕前正常BMI组体重指数与新生儿体重的关系

图3　孕前高BMI组体重指数与新生儿体重的关系

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