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中华妇幼临床医学杂志(电子版) ›› 2026, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (01) : 19 -23. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1673-5250.2026.01.004

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支气管肺发育不良患儿神经系统远期预后中神经发育损伤研究现状
巫苏琪, 陈大鹏()   
  1. 四川大学华西第二医院新生儿科、出生缺陷与相关妇儿疾病教育部重点实验室,成都 610041
  • 收稿日期:2025-03-05 修回日期:2025-11-03 出版日期:2026-02-01
  • 通信作者: 陈大鹏

Current research status on neurodevelopmental impairment of children with bronchopulmonary dysplasia

Suqi Wu, Dapeng Chen()   

  1. Department of Neonatology, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
  • Received:2025-03-05 Revised:2025-11-03 Published:2026-02-01
  • Corresponding author: Dapeng Chen
  • Supported by:
    Science and Technology Project of Science and Technology Department of Sichuan Province: Long-term Neurological Outcomes and Precision Rehabilitation Framework for Extremely Low Birth Weight Infants(24ZDYF0141)
引用本文:

巫苏琪, 陈大鹏. 支气管肺发育不良患儿神经系统远期预后中神经发育损伤研究现状[J/OL]. 中华妇幼临床医学杂志(电子版), 2026, 22(01): 19-23.

Suqi Wu, Dapeng Chen. Current research status on neurodevelopmental impairment of children with bronchopulmonary dysplasia[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics(Electronic Edition), 2026, 22(01): 19-23.

支气管肺发育不良(BPD)是早产儿,尤其是极低出生体重儿(VLBWI),或超低出生体重儿(ELBWI)的呼吸系统常见疾病。随着围产医学的发展及新生儿重症监护病房(NICU)建立,使得VLBWI和ELBWI存活率显著提高,但是其BPD发病率亦呈逐年上升趋势。与非BPD患儿相比,BPD患儿发生神经发育损伤(NDI)风险较高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。同时,BPD严重程度分级越高,患儿远期NDI发生风险越高,可能造成儿童脑性瘫痪(CP)、运动功能障碍、发育障碍、认知障碍、感觉神经损伤(NSI)及心理问题等。笔者拟就BPD患儿发生远期NDI并发症预后不良的最新研究现状进行阐述,旨在为临床对该病患儿远期NDI并发症的早期干预及治疗提供依据。

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a common respiratory disease in preterm infants, especially very low birth weight infants (VLBWI) or extremely low birth weight infants (ELBWI). With the development of perinatal medicine and the establishment of neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), the survival rate of VLBWI or ELBWI has increased significantly, but the prevalence of BPD has a tendency to increase year by year. Compared with non-BPD children, children with BPD have a higher risk of neurodevelopmental impairment (NDI), while the severity grading of BPD increases the risk of long-term NDI, resulting in cerebral palsy (CP), motor dysfunction, developmental disorder, cognitive impairment, neurosensory impairment (NSI), and psychologically related problems in children. This article provides a general overview of the long-term NDI prognosis of BPD and provides a basis for early intervention and treatment.

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