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中华妇幼临床医学杂志(电子版) ›› 2025, Vol. 21 ›› Issue (02) : 195 -201. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1673-5250.2025.02.011

论著

CCLG-AML-2015方案治疗初诊儿童急性髓细胞白血病的疗效分析
蔡雯雯1, 郭霞1,(), 高举1, 朱易萍1, 陆晓茜1, 杨雪1, 万智1, 孙舒雯1   
  1. 1. 四川大学华西第二医院儿童血液肿瘤科、出生缺陷与相关妇儿疾病教育部重点实验室,成都 610041
  • 收稿日期:2024-12-02 修回日期:2025-03-05 出版日期:2025-04-01
  • 通信作者: 郭霞

Efficacy analysis of CCLG-AML-2015 protocol in the treatment of children with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia

Wenwen Cai1, Xia Guo1,(), Ju Gao1, Yiping Zhu1, Xiaoqian Lu1, Xue Yang1, Zhi Wan1, Shuwen Sun1   

  1. 1. Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology,Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children(Sichuan University),Ministry of Education,West China Second University Hospital,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610041,Sichuan Province,China
  • Received:2024-12-02 Revised:2025-03-05 Published:2025-04-01
  • Corresponding author: Xia Guo
引用本文:

蔡雯雯, 郭霞, 高举, 朱易萍, 陆晓茜, 杨雪, 万智, 孙舒雯. CCLG-AML-2015方案治疗初诊儿童急性髓细胞白血病的疗效分析[J/OL]. 中华妇幼临床医学杂志(电子版), 2025, 21(02): 195-201.

Wenwen Cai, Xia Guo, Ju Gao, Yiping Zhu, Xiaoqian Lu, Xue Yang, Zhi Wan, Shuwen Sun. Efficacy analysis of CCLG-AML-2015 protocol in the treatment of children with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics(Electronic Edition), 2025, 21(02): 195-201.

目的

探讨中国儿童白血病协作组(CCLG)-急性髓细胞白血病(AML)-2015方案在初诊AML患儿中的疗效及其影响因素。

方法

选择2015年8月至2019年12月于四川大学华西第二医院儿童血液肿瘤科就诊的154 例初诊AML 患儿为研究对象,采用回顾性分析方法,对其接受CCLG-AML-2015方案的疗效及其影响因素进行分析。不同危险度患儿构成比的比较采用χ2 检验。采用Kaplan-Meier法绘制AML患儿的生存曲线,采用log-rank检验比较不同危险度患儿的总体生存(OS)、无事件生存(EFS)率。采用Cox比例风险回归模型对影响患者OS率的因素进行单因素及多因素分析。本研究遵循的程序符合2013年修订的《世界医学协会赫尔辛基宣言》要求,患儿监护人对诊治知情同意。

结果

①本组154例初诊AML 患儿,以男性(53.9%)、高危(55.2%)、AML-M2型(50.0%)、初诊时白细胞计数<100×109/L(83.8%)、染色体核型异常(68.8%)、融合基因呈阳性(59.1%)、伴基因突变(72.1%)为主要特征。②低、中、高危患儿首次诱导治疗完全缓解(CR)率、第2次诱导治疗CR 率、移植率比较,差异均有统计学意义(χ2=9.39、P=0.009, χ2=8.08、P=0.018, χ2=19.75、P<0.001)。③154例患儿中,复发患儿为33例(21.4%),放弃治疗并失访患儿为25例(16.2%)。④中位随访(54.2±1.8)个月,本组患儿5年OS率和EFS率为分别为(67.5±4.1)%和(57.5±4.5)%。低、中危患儿的OS率、EFS率为(88.1±4.7)%和(73.8±4.8)%,显著高于高危患儿的(72.6±5.4)%和(56.8±5.0)%,并且差异有统计学意义(χ2=5.21、7.87,P=0.022、0.005)。⑤首次诱导治疗未达CR(HR=2.609,95% CI:1.450~4.695,P=0.001)和复发(HR=2.801,95% CI:1.546~5.076,P =0.001)是影响初诊AML 患儿OS 率的独立危险因素。

结论

CCLG-AML-2015方案在提高初诊AML患儿缓解率和生存率中具有显著疗效。危险度分层和首次诱导治疗反应是影响AML患儿生存率的重要因素。

Objective

To investigate the efficacy and influencing factors of the Chinese Children's Leukemia Group (CCLG)-acute myeloid leukemia (AML)-2015 protocol in children with newly diagnosed AML.

Methods

From August 2015 to December 2019,a total of 154 newly diagnosed AML children who were treated at the Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology,West China Second University Hospital,Sichuan University were included in the study.The efficacy of the CCLG-AML-2015 protocol and its influencing factors were analyzed.The chi-square test was used to compare the composition ratios among children with different risk groups.Kaplan-Meier method was employed to plot survival curves,and the log-rank test was used to compare overall survival(OS)and event-free survival(EFS)rates among different risk groups.Univariate and multivariate analyses of factors affecting OS were performed using the Cox proportional hazards regression model.This study was in line with WorldMedicalAssociationDeclarationofHelsinki revised in 2013 and informed contents were obtained from all guardians.

Results

①Among the 154 newly diagnosed AML children,the majority were male (53.9%),classified as high-risk(55.2%),AML-M2 subtype (50.0%),initial white blood cell count <100×109/L (83.8%),abnormal karyotypes (68.8%),positive fusion genes (59.1%),and with gene mutations (72.1%).②There was significant differences in complete remission(CR)rates after the first induction therapy(χ2=9.39,P =0.009)and after the second induction therapy (χ2 =8.08,P =0.018),as well transplantation rates (χ2=19.75,P<0.001)among children with low,intermediate and high risk.③In the 154 children,33 cases (21.4%)experienced relapse.Treatment was discontinued in 25 cases(16.2%),who were subsequently lost to follow-up.④With a median follow-up of (54.2±1.8)months,the 5-year OS and EFS rates were (67.5±4.1)%and (57.5±4.5)%,respectively.Compared to children with high risk,the children with low and intermediate risk had significantly higher OS rate [(88.1±4.7)%vs(72.6±5.4)%]and EFS rate [(73.8±4.8)%vs (56.8±5.0)%] (χ2=5.21,P=0.022; χ2=7.87,P=0.005).⑤Falling to achieve CR after the first induction therapy (HR=2.609,95% CI:1.450-4.695,P=0.001)and relapse (HR=2.801,95% CI:1.546-5.076,P=0.001)were independent protective factors for newly diagnosed AML children.

Conclusions

The CCLG-AML-2015 protocol demonstrates significant efficacy in improving remission and survival rates in newly diagnosed AML children.Risk stratification and response to initial induction therapy are crucial factors influencing their survival outcomes.

表1 本研究154例初诊AML患儿的基本临床特征[例数(%)]
表2 不同危险度初诊AML患儿诱导治疗和移植情况比较
图1 本研究154例初诊AML患儿的生存曲线(图1A:总体OS曲线;图1B:总体EFS曲线;图1C:低、中危和高危患儿OS比较;图1D:低、中危和高危患儿EFS比较) 注:AML为急性髓细胞白血病,OS为总体生存,EFS为无事件生存
表3 影响初诊AML患儿OS率的单因素和多因素分析结果
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