Chinese Medical E-ournals Database

Chinese Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics(Electronic Edition) ›› 2025, Vol. 21 ›› Issue (02): 180 -188. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1673-5250.2025.02.009

Original Article

An exploratory study on using Nomograms to distinguishing Mycoplasma pneumoniae from viral infection in children aged 0 to 12 years old with community-acquired pneumonia

Yongwei Zhang1, Yuhua Liu1,()   

  1. 1. Department of General Practice,Dongguan People's Hospital,Dongguan 523000,Guangdong Province,China
  • Received:2024-05-08 Revised:2025-03-03 Published:2025-04-01
  • Corresponding author: Yuhua Liu

Objective

To explore the construction of a Nomogram discrimination model for distinguishing Mycoplasmapneumoniae(MP)from viral infection in children with communityacquired pneumonia(CAP)and to evaluate its ability to distinguish two types of pneumonia.

Methods

A total of 1 035 children aged 0 to 12 years with CAP who were treated in Dongguan People's Hospital from July 2022 to June 2023 were selected as the research subjects.A retrospective analysis was conducted,according to the results of etiological examination,they were divided into MP group (n=525,with MP infection)and viral group (n=510,with respiratory tract-related viral infection).The general clinical data,clinical symptoms and signs,laboratory test results,and chest X-ray results between two groups of children were compared statistically (single factor analysis).Multivariate unconditional logistic regression analysis was used to identify independent influencing factors for distinguishing MP from viral infection in children with CAP,and based on these factors,a Nomogram discrimination model was constructed to distinguishing MP from viral infection in children with CAP.The model's classification accuracy and stability were subsequently validated.This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Dongguan People's Hospital (Approval No.KYKT2021-065).

Results

①Multivariate unconditional logistic regression analysis results showed that compared with children aged>0-12 months,the probability of being diagnosed with MP pneumonia(vs viral pneumonia)in children aged >12-36 months,>36-72 months,and >72-144 months were significantly higher,with odds ratios(OR)of 9.98(95% CI:5.26-18.92),47.25(95% CI:24.96-89.45),and 740.87(95% CI:200.27-2 815.14),respectively,and all with P <0.001.Increased platelet distribution width (PDW),presence of runny nose,and segmental/patchy infiltrates on chest X-ray were also with higher probability of being diagnosed with MP pneumonia(vs viral pneumonia),with the OR of 0.75(95% CI:0.67-0.83),0.29(95% CI:0.19-0.42),and 3.41(95% CI:2.35-4.94),respectively,and all with P <0.001.②A Nomogram discrimination model was developed using these four variables:age,PDW,runny nose,and segmental/patchy infiltrates on chest X-ray.The optimal cutoff score for total points on the Nomogram was 57.4,corresponding to the maximum Youden index of 0.725.The model yielded a concordance index (C-index)of 0.904(95% CI:0.885-0.922,P <0.05),with a sensitivity of 94.48%and a specificity of 78.04%.

Conclusions

The Nomogram discrimination model constructed based on four nonspecific clinical indicators(age,platelet distribution width,runny nose symptoms,and segmental/patchy infiltrates on chest X-ray)demonstrates high clinical value and diagnostic accuracy in distinguishing MP from viral infection in children aged 0-12 years old with CAP.However,further external validation is warranted.

表1 2组CAP患儿一般临床资料比较
表2 2组CAP患儿临床症状及体征比较
表3 2组CAP患儿实验室检查结果比较
表4 2组CAP患儿胸部X 射线摄片比较[例数(%)]
表5 CAP患儿MP肺炎或病毒性肺炎风险的多因素非条件logistic回归分析
图1 区分CAP患儿MP与病毒感染的列线图 注:CAP为社区获得性肺炎,MP为肺炎支原体
图2 区分CAP患儿MP与病毒感染列线图的区分估计能力与实际情况对比的图形化校准图 注:CAP为社区获得性肺炎,MP为肺炎支原体
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