Chinese Medical E-ournals Database

Chinese Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics(Electronic Edition) ›› 2025, Vol. 21 ›› Issue (02): 195 -201. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1673-5250.2025.02.011

Original Article

Efficacy analysis of CCLG-AML-2015 protocol in the treatment of children with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia

Wenwen Cai1, Xia Guo1,(), Ju Gao1, Yiping Zhu1, Xiaoqian Lu1, Xue Yang1, Zhi Wan1, Shuwen Sun1   

  1. 1. Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology,Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children(Sichuan University),Ministry of Education,West China Second University Hospital,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610041,Sichuan Province,China
  • Received:2024-12-02 Revised:2025-03-05 Published:2025-04-01
  • Corresponding author: Xia Guo

Objective

To investigate the efficacy and influencing factors of the Chinese Children's Leukemia Group (CCLG)-acute myeloid leukemia (AML)-2015 protocol in children with newly diagnosed AML.

Methods

From August 2015 to December 2019,a total of 154 newly diagnosed AML children who were treated at the Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology,West China Second University Hospital,Sichuan University were included in the study.The efficacy of the CCLG-AML-2015 protocol and its influencing factors were analyzed.The chi-square test was used to compare the composition ratios among children with different risk groups.Kaplan-Meier method was employed to plot survival curves,and the log-rank test was used to compare overall survival(OS)and event-free survival(EFS)rates among different risk groups.Univariate and multivariate analyses of factors affecting OS were performed using the Cox proportional hazards regression model.This study was in line with WorldMedicalAssociationDeclarationofHelsinki revised in 2013 and informed contents were obtained from all guardians.

Results

①Among the 154 newly diagnosed AML children,the majority were male (53.9%),classified as high-risk(55.2%),AML-M2 subtype (50.0%),initial white blood cell count <100×109/L (83.8%),abnormal karyotypes (68.8%),positive fusion genes (59.1%),and with gene mutations (72.1%).②There was significant differences in complete remission(CR)rates after the first induction therapy(χ2=9.39,P =0.009)and after the second induction therapy (χ2 =8.08,P =0.018),as well transplantation rates (χ2=19.75,P<0.001)among children with low,intermediate and high risk.③In the 154 children,33 cases (21.4%)experienced relapse.Treatment was discontinued in 25 cases(16.2%),who were subsequently lost to follow-up.④With a median follow-up of (54.2±1.8)months,the 5-year OS and EFS rates were (67.5±4.1)%and (57.5±4.5)%,respectively.Compared to children with high risk,the children with low and intermediate risk had significantly higher OS rate [(88.1±4.7)%vs(72.6±5.4)%]and EFS rate [(73.8±4.8)%vs (56.8±5.0)%] (χ2=5.21,P=0.022; χ2=7.87,P=0.005).⑤Falling to achieve CR after the first induction therapy (HR=2.609,95% CI:1.450-4.695,P=0.001)and relapse (HR=2.801,95% CI:1.546-5.076,P=0.001)were independent protective factors for newly diagnosed AML children.

Conclusions

The CCLG-AML-2015 protocol demonstrates significant efficacy in improving remission and survival rates in newly diagnosed AML children.Risk stratification and response to initial induction therapy are crucial factors influencing their survival outcomes.

表1 本研究154例初诊AML患儿的基本临床特征[例数(%)]
表2 不同危险度初诊AML患儿诱导治疗和移植情况比较
图1 本研究154例初诊AML患儿的生存曲线(图1A:总体OS曲线;图1B:总体EFS曲线;图1C:低、中危和高危患儿OS比较;图1D:低、中危和高危患儿EFS比较) 注:AML为急性髓细胞白血病,OS为总体生存,EFS为无事件生存
表3 影响初诊AML患儿OS率的单因素和多因素分析结果
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