Low-dose aspirin use for the prevention of morbidity and mortality from preeclampsia

doi:10.3877/cma.j.issn.1673-5250.2015.02.005

Preeclampsia is a unique syndrome of pregnancy that is potentially dangerous for both mother and fetus, which is considered as a leading cause of maternal and perinatal mortality during pregnancy. It is very important to develop an effective prevention of preeclampsia. The most effective medication of preventing preeclampsia was observed in low-dose aspirin use, which was recommended to prevent preeclampsia in many countries. On September 2014, the United States Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommends the use of low-dose aspirin as a preventive medication in women who are at high risk for preeclampsia, which will be discussed in this review.

Key words: Pre-eclampsis, Universal precautions, Low-dose aspirin, Pregnant women

表1 先兆子痫的临床危险因素评估表

Table 1 Clinical risk assessment for preeclampsia

组别	危险因素	推荐治疗方案
高危组	①先兆子痫病史，尤其是伴有不良转归；②多胎妊娠；③慢性高血压疾病；④1型或者2型糖尿病；⑤肾脏疾病；⑥自身免疫性疾病(SLE、抗磷脂综合征)	具备≥1项高危因素时推荐采用LDA治疗
中危组	①初产妇；②肥胖(BMI>30 kg/m²)；③先兆子痫家族史；④社会人口学特征(非洲籍美国人、社会经济状况差的地区)；⑤年龄≥35岁；⑥个人史(低出生体质量或者小胎龄儿、有不良妊娠结局史或者妊娠时间间隔超过10年)	如果合并几项中危因素，可以考虑采用LDA治疗
低危组	曾有不算复杂的足月分娩史	不推荐采用LDA治疗

表1 先兆子痫的临床危险因素评估表

Table 1 Clinical risk assessment for preeclampsia

组别	危险因素	推荐治疗方案
高危组	①先兆子痫病史，尤其是伴有不良转归；②多胎妊娠；③慢性高血压疾病；④1型或者2型糖尿病；⑤肾脏疾病；⑥自身免疫性疾病(SLE、抗磷脂综合征)	具备≥1项高危因素时推荐采用LDA治疗
中危组	①初产妇；②肥胖(BMI>30 kg/m²)；③先兆子痫家族史；④社会人口学特征(非洲籍美国人、社会经济状况差的地区)；⑤年龄≥35岁；⑥个人史(低出生体质量或者小胎龄儿、有不良妊娠结局史或者妊娠时间间隔超过10年)	如果合并几项中危因素，可以考虑采用LDA治疗
低危组	曾有不算复杂的足月分娩史	不推荐采用LDA治疗

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