Relationship of Pre-Pregnant Body Mass Index, Weight Gain During Pregnancy, Birth Weight of Neonate and Non-Selected Caesarean Section

doi:10.3877/cma.j.issn.1673-5250.2011.05.011

Objective

To study the effect of maternal pre-pregnant body mass index (BMI) and gestational weight gain during pregnancy on birth weight of neonate and incidence of non-selected caesarean section.

Methods

From January 2000 to May 2010, 3231 cases of pregnancy women giving birth to a single baby for the first time were recruited into the study. Pre-pregnant BMI and weight gain during pregnancy were measured and the pregnancy outcomes were followed up. According to BMI, they were divided into low BMI group(n=671), normal BMI group(n=1845) and high BMI group(n=715). They were further divided into ≤9 kg group(n=331), (9-18) kg group(n=1755) and ≥18 kg group (n=1145) according to weight gain during pregnancy. There had no significant differences between age, relevant family history of genetic diseases, pregnancy complications and parity between two groups (P<0.05). The study protocol was approved by the Ethical Review Board of Investigation in Human Being of Military 537 Hospital. Informed consent was obtained from all participants.

Results

There were significant difference on birth weight of neonates in three groups of maternal pre-pregnant BMI (P<0.05). The incidence of macrosomia was significantly higher in high BMI group than that of normal BMI group and low BMI group. Pregnant women in low BMI group were more likely to give birth to babies with low birth weight than normal BMI group and high BMI group. The less maternal pre-pregnant BMI had the lower incidence of non-selected caesarean section existed. There were significant difference on birth weight of neonates in three groups of maternal weight gain during pregnancy among ≤9 kg group, (9-18) kg group, and ≥ 18 kg group (P< 0.05). The incidence of macrosomia was significantly higher in weight gain during pregnancy ≥18 kg group than (9-18)kg group and ≤9 kg group (P<0.05). The less mothers weight gain during pregnancy had, the lower incidence of non-selected caesarean section existed.

Conclusion

The neonates' birth weight and incidence of non-selected caesarean section increased by pre-pregnant over weight and high weight gain during pregnancy.

Key words: body mass index, macrosomia, low birth weight, non-selected caesarean section

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