益生菌在新生儿呼吸系统疾病临床治疗中的研究现状

doi:10.3877/cma.j.issn.1673-5250.2022.05.004

新生儿呼吸系统疾病是新生儿常见疾病，也是导致新生儿死亡的常见原因。益生菌是通过定植在人体内，改变宿主某一部位菌群组成的一类对宿主有益的活性微生物。近年关于益生菌与新生儿呼吸系统疾病关系的研究，成为本领域研究热点。益生菌可增强肠道免疫功能，提高新生儿全身免疫力，从而对其呼吸系统疾病的各病理及病理生理功能产生阻遏作用，达到治疗该类疾病的目的。笔者拟就益生菌的定义及种类，新生儿临床应用的安全性及不良反应、治疗机制，以及对新生儿呼吸系统疾病治疗等最新研究现状进行阐述，旨在促进广大儿科医师更好地了解益生菌在治疗该类疾病中的作用。

关键词: 有益菌种, 肠-肺轴, 呼吸机相关性肺炎, 支气管肺发育不良, 胎粪吸入综合征, 哮喘, 婴儿，新生

Neonatal respiratory system disease is a common disease of newborns and a common cause of neonatal death. Probiotics are a kind of active microorganisms beneficial to the host by colonizing the human body and changing the composition of a certain part of the host. In recent years, researches on the relationship between probiotics and neonatal respiratory diseases have become a hot topic in this field. Probiotics can enhance the intestinal immune function and improve the systemic immunity of newborns, so as to suppress the pathological and pathophysiological functions of respiratory diseases and achieve purpose of treating these diseases. The author reviews the research progress on the definition and types of probiotics, safety, adverse effects and therapeutic mechanism of clinical application of probiotics in neonates, and probiotics in treatment of neonatal respiratory diseases, so as to enable pediatricians to better understand the role of probiotics in treatment ofsuch diseases.

Key words: Probiotics, Enteropulmonary axis, Pneumonia, ventilator-associated, Bronchopulmonary dysplasia, Meconium aspiration syndrome, Asthma, Infant, newborn

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Research progress on probiotics in clinical application of neonatal respiratory diseases

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