Chinese Medical E-ournals Database

Chinese Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics(Electronic Edition) ›› 2024, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (04): 446 -451. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1673-5250.2024.04.012

Original Article

Clinical characteristics and coronary artery lesions in children with incomplete Kawasaki disease

Panpan Gu1,2, Chuanli ong2, Mengyao Song1, Sehua Qu1, Xiaodi Yang3, Rui Zhou1,()   

  1. 1.Department of Pediatrics,the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University,Bengbu 233004,Anhui Province,China
    2.Department of Pediatrics,the Second Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University,Bengbu 233000,Anhui Province,China
    3.School of Basic Medicine,Bengbu Medical University,Bengbu 233030,Anhui Province,China
  • Received:2024-06-18 Revised:2024-07-17 Published:2024-08-01
  • Corresponding author: Rui Zhou

Objective

To explore the clinical characteristics and coronary artery lesions (CAL)in children with incomplete Kawasaki disease (IKD),and the differences of those between children with IKD and children with complete Kawasaki disease (CKD).

Methods

A total of 192 cases of children with Kawasaki disease who were hospitalized in the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University and the Second Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University from January 2018 to December 2023 were selected as research subjects.They were included into CKD group (n=114)and IKD group (n=78)according to the clinical diagnosis.The differences of clinical manifestations,laboratory examination and echocardiography results between two groups of children were statistically compared by independent-samples t test,Mann-Whitney U test and chi-square test.The procedure followed in this study was approved by Ethics Committee of Bengbu Medical University(Approval No.2021-238),and all the guardians signed informed consent forms for the clinical study.

Results

①The age of children,and the incidence of conjunctival congestion,oral mucosal changes,pleomorphic rash,extremity changes and cervical lymphadenopathy,and hemoglobin(Hb)levels in IKD group were less or lower than those in CKD group;however,the fever duration,incidence of Bacillus Calmette-Guerin vaccine scar redness and serum alanine aminotransferase(ALT)levels were longer or higher than those in CKD group,and all these differences were statistcally significant (P<0.05).②The incidence of CAL at the time of diagnosis and the incidence of medium or giant coronary artery aneurysms(CAA)at 6 months of follow-up in IKD group were 29.5%and 7.7%,respectively,which were higher than those of 16.7%and 0.9%in CKD group,and the differences were statistically significant (χ2 =4.45,P =0.035;P =0.019).There were no significant differences between two groups in the incidence of mild coronary artery dilation or small CAA,medium or giant CAA,left CAL (LCAL)and right CAL (RCAL)at the time of diagnosis,and incidence of CAL,mild coronary a rtery dilation or small CAA,LCAL and RCAL at 6 months of follow-up (P>0.05).

Conclusions

Compared to children with CKD,children with IKD had younger age of onset,lower Hb levels,longer duration of fever,higher incidence of Bacillus Calmette-Guerin vaccine scar redness and ALT levels,were more likely to develop CAL,and slower recovery of CAA within 6 months of follow-up after discharge.

续表1
组别 例数 性别[例数(%)] 年龄[岁,MQ1Q3)] 发热时间[d,MQ1Q3)] 结膜充血[例数(%)] 口唇黏膜改变[例数(%)] 多形性皮疹[例数(%)]
IKD组 78 58(74.4) 20(25.6) 1.2(0.8,3.0) 8.0(6.8,10.0) 58(74.4) 50(64.1) 31(39.7)
CKD组 114 71(62.3) 43(37.7) 2.2(1.2,3.2) 7.0(5.0,7.2) 108(94.7) 102(89.5) 88(77.2)
统计量 χ2=3.06 Z=-3.39 Z=-4.64 χ2=16.43 χ2=18.08 χ2=27.56
P 0.080 0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001
组别 例数 四肢末端改变[例数(%)] 颈部淋巴结大[例数(%)] 卡疤红肿[例数(%)] PCT[ng/mL,MQ1Q3)] ESR(mm/h,xˉ±s CRP[mg/L,MQ1Q3)] WBC[×109/L,MQ1Q3)]
IKD组 78 25(32.1) 32(41.0) 17(21.8) 0.83(0.28,2.35) 61.6±24.7 80.0(49.0,112.9) 16.7(14.6,18.4)
CKD组 114 76(66.7) 83(72.8) 8(7.0) 0.61(0.25,1.39) 59.5±21.2 74.6(41.6,105.2) 15.9(12.4,18.1)
统计量 χ2=22.26 χ2=19.47 χ2=8.93 Z=-1.04 t=-0.66 Z=-0.86 Z=-1.72
P <0.001 <0.001 0.003 0.300 0.512 0.388 0.086
组别 例数 Neu%[%,MQ1Q3)] Hb[g/L,xˉ±s PLT(×109/L,xˉ±s ALT[U/L,MQ1Q3)] 白蛋白[g/L,xˉ±s CK-MB[U/L,MQ1Q3)]
IKD组 78 67.6(59.0,67.6) 107.8±9.8 521.6±136.4 25.0(17.0,88.0) 36.4±3.8 23.0(19.0,29.5)
CKD组 114 65.5(51.2,77.0) 112.1±9.6 494.1±124.0 18.5(14.0,55.2) 37.0±4.5 25.5(19.0,30.5)
统计量 Z=-0.93 t=3.00 t=-1.45 Z=-2.38 t=0.88 Z=-0.83
P值 0.353 0.003 0.148 0.017 0.383 0.409
表2 2组川崎病患儿被确诊时及随访6个月时超声心动图检查结果比较[例数(%)]
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