Childhood asthma is a common chronic inflammatory airway disease in children，characterized by recurrent episodes of wheezing，breathlessness，and coughing.The pathological mechanisms of childhood asthma include airway inflammation，airway hyperresponsiveness（AHR），and airway remodeling（AR），which can lead to airflow obstruction and respiratory difficulty in children.The causes of childhood asthma are complex，involving both genetic and environmental factors，which can cause children's trachea to be sensitive to various stimulating factor.Recent studies have shown that matrix metalloproteinases（MMP）play an important role in the pathogenesis of childhood asthma.MMP can regulate the degradation of extracellular matrix（ECM）to promote the migration of inflammatory cells and structural changes in the trachea，thereby affecting the progression of asthma.Currently，targeted therapies for childhood asthma using MMP as a target have shown positive therapeutic effects in both clinical and preclinical studies.In the future，by further studying the complex regulatory mechanisms of MMP in childhood asthma，it is hoped to develop more effective targeted treatment strategies，thereby improving the quality of life for asthma patients and providing insights for the treatment of other chronic airway diseases.In this article，the authors will discuss the latest research progress on the role of MMP in the pathogenesis of childhood asthma and the targeted treatment of asthma patients using MMP.