Application of CT urography detection in diagnosis of congenital anomalies of kidney and urinary tract in children

doi:10.3877/cma.j.issn.1673-5250.2021.01.017

Congenital anomalies of kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT) in children are caused by embryonic developmental defects of kidneys and urinary tract. CAKUT, as a group of diseases with diverse chinical phenotypes, congenital anatomical abnormalities of urinary system are its main clinical features. CT urography (CTU) refers to the use of multi-slice spiral CT to perform angiography of whole urinary tract, and to post-process and reconstruct the obtained images to diagnose various urinary system diseases.During the excretion phase of CTU, urinary tract is filled with iodine contrast agent and shows high density development. It provides a good contrast with the surrounding low-density soft tissue, providing a basis for application of CTU in CAKUT children. This article mainly elaborates on latest research progress of different types and pathogenesis of CAKUT in children, comparison of different imaging diagnostic methods of CAKUT, the main points of CTU detection in CAKUT children, and how to reduce CTU radiation dose, etc., in order to provide a reference for minimizing radiation damage of CTU detection in CAKUT children.

Key words: Urography, Urogenital abnormalities, Congenital abnormalities, Congenital anomalies of kidney and urinary tract, Tomography, X-ray computed, Radiation dosage, Child

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