Etiologic factors of the periventricular leukomalacia in preterm infants

doi:10.3877/cma.j.issn.1673-5250.2007.05.102

Objective

To analyze the etiologic factors and clinical manifestation of the periventricular leukomalacia (PVL) in preterm infants.

Methods

214 preterm infants from August 2005 to December 2006 were accrued to investigate their gestational age, birth weight, birth history, and clinical symptoms. Cranial chromatic ultrasound was used to scan the preterm infants and diagnose PVL.

Results

①The incidence of PVL was associated with gestational age. The earlier the gestational age of infants, the higher the incidence of PVL occurred (χ²=72.52, P<0.05). ② The incidence of PVL was also associated with birth weight. The lower the birth weight of infants, the higher the incidence of PVL was observed(χ²=31.35, P<0.05). ③PVL occurred more frequently in infants with severe asphyxia than in those with mild asphyxia, but the incidence of PVL was not associated with Apgar score(χ²=4.00, P>0.05). ④PVL usually had mild clinical manifestations and was diagnosed within 10 days after birth.

Conclusions

Early gestational age, low birth weight were risk factors for PVL. Apgar score was not significantly associated with PVL. The clinical symptoms of PVL are usually mild in most patients. Cranial chromatic ultrasound is a reliable, sensitive and convenient method of early detection for PVL in critically ill preterm infants.

Key words: preterm infant, white matter injury, periventricular leukomalacia, cranium chromatic ultrasound

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