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中华妇幼临床医学杂志(电子版) ›› 2025, Vol. 21 ›› Issue (02) : 171 -179. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1673-5250.2025.02.008

论著

促性腺激素启动日多囊卵巢综合征不孕患者的促甲状腺激素水平与人体质量指数对其促排卵优质胚胎形成的交互作用
江敏1, 陈爱华2,()   
  1. 1. 南京医科大学第四附属医院生殖中心,南京 210031
    2. 南京医科大学第四附属医院妇产科,南京 210031
  • 收稿日期:2024-07-26 修回日期:2025-01-05 出版日期:2025-04-01
  • 通信作者: 陈爱华

Interaction of thyrotropin levels on gonadotrophin initiation day and body mass index on ovulation promoting high quality embryo formation in infertile patients with polycystic ovary syndrome

Min Jiang1, Aihua Chen2,()   

  1. 1. Reproductive Center,the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University,Nanjing 210031,Jiangsu Province,China
    2. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology,the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University,Nanjing 210031,Jiangsu Province,China
  • Received:2024-07-26 Revised:2025-01-05 Published:2025-04-01
  • Corresponding author: Aihua Chen
引用本文:

江敏, 陈爱华. 促性腺激素启动日多囊卵巢综合征不孕患者的促甲状腺激素水平与人体质量指数对其促排卵优质胚胎形成的交互作用[J/OL]. 中华妇幼临床医学杂志(电子版), 2025, 21(02): 171-179.

Min Jiang, Aihua Chen. Interaction of thyrotropin levels on gonadotrophin initiation day and body mass index on ovulation promoting high quality embryo formation in infertile patients with polycystic ovary syndrome[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics(Electronic Edition), 2025, 21(02): 171-179.

目的

探讨促性腺激素(Gn)启动日多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)不孕患者的促甲状腺激素(TSH)水平与人体质量指数(BMI),对其促排卵优质胚胎形成的交互作用。

方法

选择2020年1月至2022年12月在南京医科大学第四附属医院门诊就诊,并采取体外受精-胚胎移植(IVF-ET)助孕的210例PCOS不孕患者为研究对象。采用回顾性分析方法,根据患者是否获得优质胚胎,将其分为优胚组(n=141,优质胚胎数≥1 枚)及无优胚组(n=69,优质胚胎数为0)。采用多因素非条件logistic回归分析法,对PCOS不孕患者促排卵优质胚胎形成的影响因素进行分析。采用局部加权回归(Lowess)法,分析Gn启动日TSH 水平、BMI及优质胚胎数两两之间的曲线关系。采用logistic回归分析及相对超额危险度(RERI)、归因百分比[AP(EF)%]、协同指数(SI),对Gn启动日PCOS不孕患者TSH 水平和BMI对其促排卵优质胚胎形成的交互作用进行定性及定量分析。本研究遵循的程序经本院伦理委员会批准(审批文号:20210501003)。

结果

①优胚组PCOS不孕患者BMI,糖尿病发生率,Gn启动日卵泡刺激素(FSH)及TSH 水平,入院时白细胞计数(WBC)及血小板计数(PT),均低于无优胚组;而窦卵泡计数(AFC),扳机日雌二醇浓度,获卵总数、正常受精数及优质胚胎数,抗苗勒管激素(AMH)水平,均高于无优胚组,并且差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。②多因素非条件logistic回归分析结果显示,PCOS 不孕患者BMI≥25.68 kg/m2OR=3.654,95% CI:4.087~5.012,P=0.004),Gn启动日FSH≥25.64 U/L(OR=2.341,95% CI:2.074~3.159,P=0.008),Gn启动日TSH≥3.89 U/L(OR=1.258,95% CI:0.964~2.014,P=0.031),AMH 水平≤2.41 ng/mL(OR=4.284,95% CI:4.016~5.121,P=0.005),扳机日雌二醇浓度≤2 984 pmol/L(OR=5.218,95% CI:4.964~6.214,P=0.003),正常受精数≤6.31个(OR=6.154,95% CI:5.324~7.126,P=0.001),均为影响PCOS不孕患者促排卵优质胚胎形成的独立危险因素。③Lowess曲线显示,PCOS不孕患者促排卵优质胚胎数分别与BMI、Gn启动日TSH 水平,以及Gn启动日TSH 水平与BMI均具有一定非线性关系,其数据趋势分别为上升、下降及下降。④PCOS不孕患者Gn启动日TSH<3.89 U/L、BMI<25.68 kg/m2 对其优质胚胎形成具有相加交互作用,SI、RERI、AP(EF)%、纯因子间归因交互效应百分比[AP*(EF)%]分别为3.37(95% CI:2.84~4.05)、3.45(95% CI:2.79~4.06)、58.34(95% CI:52.82~68.93)、70.73(95% CI:63.82~78.27)。

结论

PCOS不孕患者Gn启动日TSH 水平与BMI,对其促排卵优质胚胎形成具有相加交互作用。

Objective

To investigate the interaction of thyroid stimulating hormone(TSH)level on gonadotropin(Gn)initiation day and body mass index(BMI)on the formation of high-quality embryos in infertile women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

Methods

A total of 210 infertile patients with PCOS who were treated in the outpatient department of the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University and underwent invitro fertilization-embryo transfer(IVFET)from January 2020 to December 2022 were selected as the research objects.The retrospective analysis was adopted.The patients were divided into the high-quality e mbryo group (n=141,the number of high-quality embryos≥1)and the non-high-quality embryo group (n=69,the number of high-quality e mbryos was 0)according to whether they obtained high-quality embryos or not.Multivariate unconditional logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors of high-quality embryo formation in PCOS infertile patients.Local weighted regression (Lowess)was used to analyze the pairwise curve relationship among TSH level on Gn initiation day,BMI and the number of high-quality embryos.Logistic regression analysis,relative excess risk(RERI),percentage attributable [AP(EF)%]and synergy index(SI)were used to qualitatively and quantitatively analyze the interaction between TSH level on Gn initiation day and BMI on the formation of high-quality embryos.The procedures followed in this study were approved by the Ethics Committee of our hospital( Approval No.20210501003).All subjects gave informed consent for the diagnosis and treatment,and signed the informed consent forms for clinical research.

Results

①The body mass index (BMI),the incidence of diabetes,the levels of follicle stimulating hormone(FSH)and TSH on Gn initiation day,white blood cell count(WBC)and platelet count(PT)on admission in high-quality embryo group were lower than those in non-high-quality embryo group;While the antral follicle count (AFC),estradiol concentration on the trigger day,the total number of oocytes retrieved,the number of normal fertilized embryos,the number of high-quality embryos,and the level of anti-Mullerian hormone(AMH)in high-quality embryo group were higher than those in non-highquality embryo group,and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05).②The results of multivariate unconditional logistic regression analysis showed that PCOS infertile patient's BMI≥25.68 kg/m2OR=3.654,95% CI:4.087-5.012,P=0.004),FSH≥25.64 U/L on Gn initiation day OR=2.341,95% CI:2.074-3.159,P=0.008),TSH≥3.89 U/L on Gn initiation day(OR=1.258,95% CI:0.964-2.014,P=0.031),AMH≤2.41 ng/m L (OR=4.284,95% CI:4.016-5.121,P=0.005),trigger day estradiol concentration≤2 984 pmol/L (OR=5.218,95% CI:4.964-6.214,P=0.003),normal fertilization number≤6.31(OR=6.154,95% CI:5.324-7.126,P=0.001),which were independent risk factors for high-quality embryo formation in PCOS infertile patients.③Lowess curve showed that there were nonlinear relationships between the number of highquality embryos and BMI,the number of high-quality embryos and the TSH level on Gn initiation day,and the TSH level on Gn initiation day and BMI in PCOS patients;the data trends were up,down and down,respectively.④PCOS infertile patient's TSH<3.89 U/L on Gn initiation day and BMI<25.68 kg/m2 had additive interaction on high-quality embryo formation in PCOS infertile patients,and the SI,RERI,AP(EF)%and percentage of pure inter-factor attribution interaction effects[AP*(EF)%]were 3.37(95% CI:2.84-4.05),3.45(95% CI:2.79-4.06),58.34(95% CI:52.82-68.93),70.73(95% CI:63.82-78.27).

Conclusion

There is an additive interaction between TSH level on Gn initiation day and BMI on the formation of high-quality embryos in PCOSinfertile patients.

表1 2组PCOS不孕患者临床资料比较
组别 例数 年龄(岁,xˉ± s ) BMI(kg/m2xˉ± s ) 不孕类型[例数(%)] 不孕时间(年,xˉ± s ) 高血压[例数(%)] 糖尿病[例数(%)] 吸烟史[例数(%)]
原发 继发
优胚组 141 28.6±2.9 25.3±2.2 84(59.6) 57(40.4) 3.3±1.3 44(31.2) 17(0.7) 3(2.1)
无优胚组 69 28.5±2.4 26.2±3.2 43(60.9) 26(39.1) 3.1±1.3 22(31.9) 8(11.6) 2(2.9)
统计量 t=0.39 t=2.37 χ 2=0.15 t=1.01 χ 2=0.01 χ 2=9.42 χ 2=0.59
P 0.695 0.019 0.702 0.314 0.920 0.002 0.441
组别 例数 饮酒史[例数(%)] AFC(个,xˉ± s ) 性激素基础水平(xˉ± s )
FSH(U/L) LH(U/L) 催乳素(ng/mL) 睾酮(ng/mL) 雌二醇(pmol/L) 孕酮(nmol/L)
优胚组 141 22(15.6) 4.25±0.14 16.4±1.5 3.7±0.6 15.9±0.6 0.63±0.22 146.1±11.7 2.01±0.17
无优胚组 69 11(15.9) 3.69±0.13 16.4±1.3 3.7±0.4 15.8±0.7 0.59±0.15 146.2±12.7 2.03±0.22
统计量 χ 2=0.004 t=27.86 t=0.15 t=0.13 t=0.32 t=1.36 t=0.008 t=0.73
P 0.949 <0.001 0.885 0.896 0.749 0.175 0.993 0.469
组别 例数 Gn启动日激素水平(xˉ± s ) Gn启动量(IU,xˉ± s ) Gn使用时间(d,xˉ± s ) Gn总量(IU,xˉ± s )
雌二醇(pmol/L) 孕酮(ng/mL) LH(U/L) FSH(U/L) TSH(U/L)
优胚组 141 154.6±11.3 2.11±0.17 4.0±0.5 10.3±3.2 3.0±0.2 256.1±23.5 11.2±3.1 2 827±983
无优胚组 69 153.6±11.1 2.13±0.22 3.9±0.3 30.3±5.2 8.0±1.9 257.1±23.2 11.1±3.0 2 678±709
统计量 t=0.61 t=0.73 t=1.66 t=34.49 t=30.98 t=0.29 t=0.16 t=1.12
P 0.545 0.469 0.098 <0.001 <0.001 0.771 0.876 0.262
组别 例数 Gn每日使用量(IU,xˉ± s ) 扳机日性激素水平(xˉ± s ) 扳机方式[例数(%)] 获卵总数(个,xˉ± s ) 成熟卵子数(个,xˉ± s )
雌二醇(pmol/L) 孕酮(nmol/L) LH(U/L) 单扳机 双扳机
优胚组 141 21.1±5.2 3 928±272 2.8±0.7 2.6±0.6 86(61.0) 55(39.0) 13.6±1.3 13.0±2.4
无优胚组 69 22.5±6.5 2 846±240 3.0±0.8 2.5±0.5 42(60.9) 27(39.1) 11.6±1.2 13.3±1.8
统计量 t=1.68 t=28.05 t=1.85 t=1.20 χ2<0.001 t=10.88 t=0.81
P 0.094 <0.001 0.065 0.233 0.986 <0.001 0.419
组别 例数 正常受精数(个,xˉ± s ) 正常卵裂数(个,xˉ± s ) 优质胚胎数(个,xˉ± s ) 促排卵前NLR(个,xˉ± s ) 促排卵后NLR(个,xˉ± s ) 扳机日子宫内膜厚度(mm,xˉ± s ) AMH 水平(ng/mL,xˉ± s ) 经期(d,xˉ± s )
优胚组 141 10.7±2.5 11.3±3.2 4.6±1.4 1.5±0.4 3.93±0.17 8.1±1.2 4.5±1.1 4.3±1.4
无优胚组 69 6.2±2.4 10.5±3.9 0 1.5±0.3 3.95±0.29 8.2±1.2 2.4±0.5 4.4±1.3
统计量 t=12.25 t=1.64 t=70.05 t=0.18 t=0.63 t=0.06 t=3.88 t=0.20
P <0.001 0.102 <0.001 0.860 0.531 0.955 <0.001 0.839
组别 例数 月经周期(d,xˉ± s ) WBC(×109/L,xˉ± s ) NEC(%,xˉ± s ) RBC(×1012/L,xˉ± s ) Hb(g/L,xˉ± s ) HCT(%,xˉ± s ) MCV(FL,xˉ± s ) PT(s,xˉ± s )
优胚组 141 28.1±3.6 5.1±1.0 1.58±0.23 4.7±0.6 138.6±14.0 42.3±6.3 91.2±11.3 13.0±0.5
无优胚组 69 28.3±3.5 6.1±1.0 1.53±0.19 4.6±0.6 137.9±12.9 41.3±6.3 92.2±11.3 15.0±0.5
统计量 t=0.33 t=6.29 t=1.56 t=0.97 t=0.35 t=1.07 t=0.60 t=29.32
P 0.745 <0.001 0.120 0.332 0.727 0.284 0.547 <0.001
组别 例数 APTT(s,xˉ± s ) FIB(g/L,xˉ± s ) 白蛋白(g/L,xˉ± s ) 尿酸(μmol/L,xˉ± s ) SCr(μmol/L,xˉ± s ) HDL-C(mmol/L,xˉ± s ) LDL-C(mmol/L,xˉ± s ) 空腹血糖(mmol/L,xˉ± s )
优胚组 141 37.2±6.2 2.6±0.6 49.3±2.5 102.3±15.7 91.4±11.3 1.02±0.14 1.24±0.21 4.2±1.4
无优胚组 69 37.3±6.2 2.6±0.6 49.3±2.4 102.1±15.7 91.0±10.3 1.03±0.16 1.25±0.19 4.2±1.3
统计量 t=0.14 t=0.22 t=0.06 t=0.09 t=0.25 t=0.46 t=0.33 t=0.10
P 0.887 0.828 0.956 0.931 0.804 0.643 0.739 0.919
图1 多因素非条件logistic回归模型预测PCOS不孕患者促排卵优质胚胎形成的ROC曲线图 注:PCOS为多囊卵巢综合征。ROC曲线为受试者工作特征曲线
表2 PCOS不孕患者促排卵优质胚胎形成的多因素非条件logistic回归分析
图2 PCOS不孕患者促排卵优质胚胎数、Gn启动日TSH 水平、BMI之间关系的Lowess曲线 注:PCOS为多囊卵巢综合征。Gn为促性腺激素,TSH 为促甲状腺激素,BMI为人体质量指数
表3 PCOS不孕患者Gn启动日TSH 与BMI对促排卵优质胚胎形成的交互作用定性分析
表4 PCOS不孕患者Gn启动日TSH<3.89 U/L与BMI<25.68 kg/m2 对促排卵优质胚胎形成的相加交互作用评价指标
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