Chinese Medical E-ournals Database

Chinese Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics(Electronic Edition) ›› 2024, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (06): 611 -618. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1673-5250.2024.06.004

Original Article

Early predictive value of combined indicators for moderate to severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia in premature infants

Xinxin Xie1,2, Meiying Han2, Chunyan Yang2,(), Qinghua Shen2, Fengmin Liu2, Cong Li2, Dezhi Zhang1, Weikai Lei3   

  1. 1. School of Clinical Medicine,Shandong Second Medical University,Weifang 261000,Shandong Province,China
    2. Pediatric NICU,Liaocheng People's Hospital,Liaocheng 252000,Shandong Province,China
    3. Shandong First Medical University/Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences,Jinan 250000,Shandong Province,China
  • Received:2024-04-18 Revised:2024-10-11 Published:2024-12-01
  • Corresponding author: Chunyan Yang

Objective

To explore the early predictive value of multiple clinical indicators(admission temperature,duration of antimicrobial drug use>14 days,duration of invasive ventilation≥7 days)combined for moderate to severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia(BPD)in premature infants.

Methods

From January 2019 to December 2022,premature infants (gestational age<32 weeks and/or birth weight<1 500 g,and hospital stay≥28 days),diagnosed with BPD at the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU)of Liaocheng People's Hospital were selected into this study.According to the severity of BPD,they were divided into mild BPD group (n=120)and moderate-to-severe BPD group (n=44).The clinical data of these 164 premature infants were retrospectively analyzed,including general information,perinatal conditions,related comorbidities,and the use of mechanical ventilation and antimicrobial drugs.Independent-samples t test,Mann-Whitney U rank sum test,or Wilcoxon rank sum test,and chi-square test were used for univariate analysis of the clinical data of two groups.Factors with P <0.05 in univariate analysis were included in the multivariate unconditional logistic regression analysis to identify independent risk factors for the occurrence of moderate-to-severe BPD in premature infants,and to establish a logistic regression equation (predictive model)for moderate-to-severe BPD-related risk factors.The MedCalc 15.2.2 software was used to plot the receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves and to calculate the area under the curve (AUC),as well as the sensitivity and specificity of different risk factors in predicting the occurrence of moderate-to-severe BPD in premature infants.This study followed the ethical standards set by the Ethics Committee of Liaocheng People's Hospital and was approved by the committee (Approval No.2024061).Informed consent was obtained from the guardians of all infants for their treatment.

Results

①A total of 492 preterm infants with gestational age<32 weeks and/or body weight<1 500 g were admitted.Among them,164 infants were diagnosed with BPD.The incidence of BPD was 33.3%(164/492),and the incidence of moderate to severe BPD was 8.9%(44/492).②Univariate analysis results:there were statistically significant differences in gestational age,birth weight,admission temperature,proportion of prenatal corticosteroid use,maternal pregnancy-induced hypertension,duration of invasive ventilation,proportion of invasive ventilation more than 3/7/14 days,duration of non-invasive ventilation,proportion of antimicrobial drug use for>14 days,1 min Apgar score,incidence of hemodynamically significant patent ductus arteriosus(hsPDA),and incidence of intracranial hemorrhage between two groups of BPD premature infants(P<0.05).③Multivariate unconditional logistic regression analysis results:prevention of hypothermia (OR=0.314,95%CI:0.126-0.786,P=0.013)was identified as an independent protective factor for the development of moderate-to-severe BPD in premature infants,while invasive ventilation duration more than 7 days (OR=6.942,95%CI:2.352-20.495,P <0.001)and antimicrobial drug duration more than 14 days (OR=16.163,95%CI:4.341-60.179,P<0.001)were identified as independent risk factors for the development of moderate-to-severe BPD in premature infants.④ROC curve analysis results:the ROC-AUC for predicting the occurrence of moderate-to-severe BPD in premature infants by admission temperature,duration of antimicrobial drug use>14 days,duration of invasive ventilation≥7 days,and the combination of three were 0.611(95%CI:0.516-0.705,P=0.030),0.753(95%CI:0.677-0.829,P <0.001),0.727(95%CI:0.645-0.808,P<0.001),and 0.858(95%CI:0.801-0.915,P<0.001),respectively.

Conclusions

The working performance and judgment accuracy of the combined indicators (admission temperature,duration of antimicrobial drug use>14 days,duration of invasive ventilation≥7 days)are better than that of single indicator,which has certain value in predicting moderate to severe BPD.

表1 2组BPD 早产儿相关临床资料比较
组别 例数 多胎[例数(%)] 性别[例数(%)] 出生胎龄(周,xˉ±s 出生体重(g,xˉ±s 入院时体温[℃,M Q1,Q3)] 剖宫产术分娩[例数(%)] 产前使用糖皮质激素[例数(%)]
轻度BPD组 120 32(26.7) 66(55.0) 54(45.0) 28.9±1.8 1 132.2±230.7 36.5(36.5,36.7) 67(55.8) 92(76.7)
中至重度BPD组 44 7(15.9) 26(59.1) 18(40.9) 27.9±1.7 1 001.7±214.3 36.3(36.0,36.5) 26(59.1) 40(90.9)
统计量 χ2=2.06 χ2=0.22 t=-3.39 t=-3.27 Z=2.18 χ2=0.14 χ2=4.16
P 0.152 0.640 <0.001 <0.001 0.029 0.709 0.041
组别 例数 产前使用硫酸镁[例数(%)] 母亲患妊娠期糖尿病[例数(%)] 母亲患妊娠期高血压疾病[例数(%)] 胎膜早破[ h,M (Q1>,Q3)] 有创通气时间(d,xˉ±s 不同有创通气时间[例数 (%)]
≥3 d ≥7 d ≥14 d
轻度BPD组 120 57(47.5) 16(13.3) 29(24.2) 48(48,48) 8.1±8.5 84(70.0) 52(43.3) 28(23.3)
中至重度BPD组 44 20(45.5) 4(9.1) 18(40.9) 48(48,48) 22.2±16.2 40(90.9) 39(88.6) 28(63.6)
统计量 χ2=0.05 χ2=0.54 χ2=4.41 Z=-0.49 t=5.51 χ2=7.63 χ2=26.75 χ2=23.26
P 0.816 0.462 0.036 0.627 <0.001 0.006 <0.001 <0.001
组别 例数 无创通气时间(d,xˉ±s 使用PS[例数(%)] 抗菌药物应用时间> 14 d[例数(%)] 1 min Apagr 评分[分,M (Q1,Q3)] 窒息[例数(%)] NRDS[例数(%)] hsPDA[例数(%)] 颅内出血[例数(%)]
轻度BPD组 120 23.5±11.9 51(42.5) 51(42.5) 7(5,8) 77(64.2) 111(92.5) 49(58.3) 42(35.0)
中至重度BPD组 44 28.6±17.6 14(31.8) 41(93.2) 5(3,8) 31(70.5) 40(90.9) 29(82.9) 23(52.3)
统计量 t=1.78 χ2=1.54 χ2=33.58 Z=-2.33 χ2=0.57 χ2=0.11 χ2=8.11 χ2=4.02
P 0.080 0.215 <0.001 0.020 0.452 0.738 0.004 0.045
组别 例数 NEC[例数(%) 婴儿胆汁淤积症[例数(%)]a 甲状腺功能不全[例数(%)]a 宫外生长发育迟缓[例数(%)] 高胆红素血症[例数(%)] 光疗时长[h,M (Q1,Q3)]
轻度BPD组 120 11(9.2) 10(8.3) 8(6.7) 39(32.5) 70(58.3) 20(8,38)
中至重度BPD组 44 3(6.8) 3(6.8) 0(0) 21(47.7) 25(56.8) 22(6,37)
统计量 χ2=0.23 χ2<0.01 χ2=1.81 χ2=3.22 χ2=0.03 Z=-0.24
P 0.633 >0.999 0.178 0.073 0.863 0.810
表2 BPD 早产儿进展为中至重度BPD 影响因素的多因素非条件logistic回归分析
图1 相关影响因素单独或联合预测BPD 早产儿进展为中至重度BPD 的ROC曲线 注:BPD为支气管肺发育不良,ROC 曲线为受试者工作特征曲线
表3 相关影响因素单独或联合预测BPD 早产儿进展为中至重度BPD 效能分析
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Abstract