Chinese Medical E-ournals Database

Chinese Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics(Electronic Edition) ›› 2023, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (01): 77 -84. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1673-5250.2023.01.011

Original Article

Analysis of related risk factors of mental health problems of women with spontaneous abortion

Jiatong Zou1, Songyang Wang1, Wei Xu2, Tingting Yu3, Hongxia Ye4, Xiaoyong Qiao5,()   

  1. 1Department of Emergency, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
    2Department of Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
    3Department of Emergency, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
    4Department of Reproductive Immunology, Chengdu Jinjiang Hospital for Maternal & Child Health Care, Chengdu 610000, Sichuan Province, China
    5Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
  • Received:2022-08-10 Revised:2023-01-08 Published:2023-02-01
  • Corresponding author: Xiaoyong Qiao
  • Supported by:
    Key R&D Projects of Science & Technology Department of Sichuan Province(2019YFS0413)
Objective

To explore the mental health problems of women with spontaneous abortion (SA) and analyze its related influencing factors.

Methods

A total of 130 women who were diagnosed as SA in the Department of Emergency of West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University from July 1 to December 31, 2021 were enrolled in the study. Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale (EPDS), State Anxiety Scale (SAI), Perinatal Sadness Scale (PGS), Marriage Satisfaction Scale (DS) in Marriage Adaptation Scale (DAS) and Preskini Scale (PG) were used to evaluate the symptoms and degrees of depression. The general information, mental health problems (depression, anxiety and sadness), marriage and medical satisfaction of these 113 SA women were collected through questionnaires, and the related influencing factors were analyzed. The procedures followed in this study were in accordance with the Helsinki Declaration of the World Medical Association revised in 2013.

Results

① A total of 113 women with SA were included, of which 55.8% (63 / 113) had the possibility of depression (EPDS depression score ≥ 10 points), 43.36% (49 / 113) had obvious sadness (PGS sadness score>90 points), and the average score of SAI, DAS and PG were 31.7, 40.7, and 48.8 points. ②Spearman correlation analysis showed that EPDS depression score was positively correlated with SAI anxiety score (r=0.306, P=0.001). ③The results of univariate analysis were as follows. PGS score was statistically significant (P<0.05) compared with different educational qualifications, and the presence or absence of children, and SAI anxiety score of those who had SA once in the past was significantly higher than those who had SA twice or more, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The difference in EPDS depression score was statistically significant between the presence or absence of children and the planned future pregnancy (P<0.05). ④ The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that childlessness and future pregnancy plans were the main risk factors for the increase of EPDS depression score, and advanced education (bachelor degree or above) and childlessness were the main risk factors for the increase of PGS sadness score.

Conclusions

Mental health problems are prevalent among SA women. Previous SA, childlessness, future pregnancy plans, and high education level are risk factors for the occurrence and aggravation of mental health problems in women with SA.

表1 113例SA育龄女性的一般情况及各量表得分
表2 各因素与SA育龄女性精神健康问题的Spearman相关性分析
表3 不同个体情况SA育龄女性的EPDS、SAI、PGS 3项量表总分比较(分)]
指标 例数 EPDS抑郁评分 SAI焦虑评分 PGS悲伤评分
±s 统计值 ±sM(Q1, Q3) 统计值 ±s 统计值
最高学历              
初中及以下 14 10.6±5.8 F=1.299 28.9±6.8 F=1.107 76.6±23.2 F=3.883
初中至本科 60 10.9±6.6 P=0.277 32.1±7.0 P=0.334 79.2±27.4 P=0.023 a
本科及以上 39 12.9±6.9   31.9±8.0   94.3±31.3  
工作性质              
全职 33 11.6±6.9 F=0.085 30.9±8.1 F=1.373 93.1±31.0 F=2.308
兼职 45 11.4±6.4 P=0.919 30.9±7.2 P=0.258 79.8±27.8 P=0.104
无业 35 11.9±6.9   33.4±6.8   81.1±27.8  
家庭年收入(×104元)              
≤8 27 13.3±7.4 F=1.232 32.3±7.2 F=1.388 74.6±27.5 F=2.010
8~30 52 11.3±6.4 P=0.296 32.5±8.2 P=0.254 88.1±28.0 P=0.139
≥30 34 10.7±6.2   29.9±5.9   85.4±31.0  
末次SA距本次调查时间(月)              
≤6 27 11.3±6.3 F=0.408 32.1±7.8 F=0.100 85.5±32.6 F=0.106
6~12 54 11.2±6.4 P=0.666 31.7±7.6 P=0.905 84.5±29.0 P=0.900
≥12 32 12.5±7.4   31.2±6.8   82.2±26.7  
既往SA总次数(次)              
1 98 11.8±6.8 t=0.710 37(31,42) Z=-2.039 85.2±28.3 t=-1.070
≥2 15 10.5±5.8 P=0.479 28(23,33) P=0.041 76.6±33.9 P=0.287
有无子女              
45 9.4±6.9 t=2.902 30.0±7.4 t=1.924 71.2±27.1 t=4.081
68 13.0±6.1 P=0.004* 32.7±7.2 P=0.057 92.6±27.3 P<0.001
未来有无妊娠计划              
40 14.2±6.0 F=5.144 33.3±8.8 F=1.512 85.6±34.1 F=1.466
44 10.5±6.6 P=0.007 b 30.9±6.7 P=0.225 78.7±27.5 P=0.235
无明确计划 29 9.7±6.7   30.6±6.0   90.2±22.7  
表4 基于EPDS抑郁量表与PGS悲伤量表评分的SA育龄女性精神健康问题相关危险因素的多重线性回归分析
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