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中华妇幼临床医学杂志(电子版)

Chinese Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics(Electronic Edition) ›› 2017, Vol. 13 ›› Issue (03): 293 -298. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1673-5250.2017.03.009

Special Issue: ；

Original Article

Research of breast feeding intention in the future of early pregnancy women and its influence factors

Huaxuan You1, Biru Luo1,†()   

  1. 1. Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
  • Received:2017-03-06 Revised:2017-04-18 Published:2017-06-01
  • Corresponding author: Biru Luo
  • About author:
    Corresponding author: Luo Biru, Email:
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Objective

To investigate the breast feeding intention in the future of early pregnancy women and explore its influence factors, and to provide references for early intervention of breast feeding.

Methods

Convenience sampling method was conducted and 576 early pregnancy women having antenatal examination in a certain grade A teritary hospital of Chengdu from March to June of 2016 were chosen as research subjects. Self-made Breast Feeding Intention in the Future and Influencing Factors in Early Pregnancy Questionnaire was used to investigate the social demographic factors (18 items), breast situation (4 items) and breast feeding intention in the future (26 items). Statistical descriptions and binary logistic regression were conducted to analyze the influence factors of breast feeding intention in the future of early pregnancy.

Results

①A total of 600 questionnaires were issued and 576 valid questionnaires were returned. The effective questionnaire return ratio was 96.0%. ②Among the 576 cases of early pregnancy women, 97.4% (561/576) pregnancy women intended to breast feed in the future, and 90.6% (522/576) pregnancy women had confidence in breast feeding after delivery, 74.0% (427/576) women knew the advantages of breast feeding, 43.9% (253/576) women knew the disadvantages of non-breastfeeding, 82.8% (477/576) women needed breast feeding instruction. Among the 576 early pregnancy women, 90.3% (520/576) had normal breast shape, and 98.1% (510/520) of them were willing to breast feed in the future in the future. And 76.7% (442/576) pregnancy women had normal nipple type, and 98.9% (437/442) of them intended to breast feed in the future. There were statistical differences in the rates of willing to breast feed in the future between different breast shapes of early pregnancy women and different nipple types of early pregnancy women, respectively (χ2=9.78, P=0.002; χ2=16.25, P<0.001). ③Results of binary logistic regression analysis of influence factors of breast feeding intention in the future of early pregnancy women indicated that the breast shape, nipple type and awareness or partial awareness of hazards of non-breastfeeding all were the independent influence factors of breast feeding intention in early pregnancy (OR=3.544, 95%CI: 1.028-12.218, P=0.045; OR=5.858, 95%CI: 1.858-18.477, P=0.003; OR=0.062, 95%CI: 0.014-0.269, P<0.001; OR=0.900, 95%CI: 0.025-0.322, P<0.001).

Conclusions

The breast feeding intention in the future of early pregnancy women is good. Breast feeding instruction is needed. Influence factors of breast feeding intention in early pregnancy include breast shape, nipple type and awareness or partial awareness of hazards of non-breastfeeding. Health education should focus on the pregnancy women with abnormal breast or nipple type and emphasize the hazards of non-breastfeeding after delivery, in order to improve breast feeding rate.

Key words: Pregnancy trimester, first, Breast feeding intention, Influencing factors, Pregnant women
表1 接受问卷调查的576例早孕期妇女一般人口学资料调查结果[例数(%)]
项目 构成比 项目 构成比 项目 构成比
年龄(岁) 家庭人均月收入(元) ? 孕前BMI(kg/m2) ?
? ≥18～35 488(84.7) ? ≤1 000 4(0.7) ? <18.5 108(18.8)
? ≥35 88(15.3) ? >1 000～2 000 9(1.6) ? ≥18.5～25.0 422(73.2)
孕产史 ? >2 000～3 000 28(4.9) ? ≥25.0～30.0 43(7.5)
? 初产妇 351(60.9) ? >3 000～4 000 80(13.9) ? ≥30.0 3(0.5)
? 经产妇 225(39.1) ? >4 000 455(78.9) 文化程度 ?
民族 四川省内居住地 ? 小学及以下 1(0.2)
? 汉族 557(96.7) ? 成都市 48(84.7) ? 初中 12(2.1)
? 少数民族 19(3.3) ? 二级城市 22(3.8) ? 高中 37(6.4)
婚姻状况 ? 县级城市 34(5.9) ? 大专 100(17.4)
? 未婚 7(1.2) ? 乡镇地区 9(1.6) ? 本科及以上 426(73.9)
? 已婚 569(98.8) ? 农村地区 23(4.0) ? ?
表2 接受问卷调查的576例早孕期妇女日后母乳喂养意愿调查结果[例数(%)]
项目 构成比 项目 构成比
日后是否愿意进行母乳喂养 ? 是否了解母乳喂养益处 ?
? 愿意 561(97.4) ? 了解 427(74.0)
? 中立 10(1.7) ? 部分了解 150(26.0)
? 不愿意 5(0.9) ? 不了解 0(0)
是否有信心进行母乳喂养 ? 是否了解非母乳喂养危害 ?
? 有信心 522(90.6) ? 了解 253(43.9)
? 信心不足 52(9.1) ? 部分了解 288(50.0)
? 没有信心 2(0.3) ? 不了解 35(6.1)
打算日后母乳喂养多长时间(月) ? 是否需要接受母乳喂养指导 ?
? <6 24(4.0) ? 需要 477(82.8)
? 6～12 460(80.0) ? 无所谓 42(7.3)
? >12 92(16.0) ? 不需要 57(9.9)
是否学习过母乳喂养知识 ? ? ?
? 是 364(63.2) ? ?
? 否 212(36.8) ? ?
表3 接受问卷调查的576例早孕期妇女不同乳房外型、乳头类型日后母乳喂养意愿比较结果[例数(%)]
项目 例数 日后愿意进行母乳喂养 χ2值 P值
乳房外形 ? 9.78 0.002
? 正常 520 510(98.1) ? ?
? 异常 56 51(91.1) ? ?
乳头类型 ? 16.25 <0.001
? 正常 442 437(98.9) ? ?
? 异常 134 124(92.5) ? ?
表4 早孕期妇女日后母乳喂养意愿影响因素的变量含义及其赋值
自变量/因变量 变量名 赋值
日后母乳喂养意愿 y y＝0表示日后愿意进行母乳喂养，y＝1表示日后不愿意进行母乳喂养
年龄 x1 x1＝0表示年龄<35, x1＝1表示年龄≥35岁
孕产史 x2 x2＝0表示初产妇，x2＝1表示经产妇
合并症或并发症 x3 x3＝0表示无合并症或并发症，x3＝1表示有合并症或并发症
家庭人均月收入 x4 x4＝1表示家庭人均月收入≤1 000元，x4＝2表示家庭人均月收入>1 000～4 000元，
x4＝3表示家庭人均月收入>4 000元 ? ?
文化程度 x5 x5＝0表示大专及以下文化程度，x5＝1表示本科及以上文化程度
居住地 x6 x6＝0表示居住地为四川城镇地区，x6＝1表示居住地为四川农村地区
乳房外形 x7 x7＝0表示正常，x7＝1表示异常
乳头类型 x8 x8＝0表示正常，x8＝1表示异常
是否了解母乳喂养益处 x9 x9＝1表示了解，x9＝2表示部分了解，x9＝3表示不了解
是否了解非母乳喂养危害 x10 x10＝1表示了解，x10＝2表示部分了解，x10＝3表示不了解
表5 接受问卷调查的576例早孕期妇女日后母乳喂养意愿影响因素二分类logistic逐步回归分析结果
影响因素 Β SE Wald值 P值 OR值 OR值95%CI
乳房外形 1.265 0.631 4.015 0.045 3.544 1.028～12.218
乳头类型 1.768 0.586 9.100 0.003 5.858 1.858～18.477
是否了解非母乳喂养危害(对照组为不了解) － － 19.112 <0.001 － －
? 了解非母乳喂养危害 －2.778 0.747 13.825 <0.001 0.062 0.014～0.269
? 部分了解非母乳喂养危害 －2.409 0.651 13.692 <0.001 0.900 0.025～0.322
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