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中华妇幼临床医学杂志(电子版)

Chinese Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics(Electronic Edition) ›› 2016, Vol. 12 ›› Issue (05): 597 -602. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1673-5250.2016.05.019

Special Issue: ；

Original Article

Influence of environmental tobacco smoke during pregnancy on plasma interleukin-6, -10 and C-reactive protein in neonatal umbilical cord

Guihui Cheng1, Xiaohua Tan2,†(), Qiliang Cui2, Qizhou Qiu3, Hui Zhang2, Weiliang Huang2   

  1. 1. Department of Pediatrics Center, The Third Affiliated of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510150 , Guangdong Province, China; Department of Neonatology, Shenzhen Shajing Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Shenzhen 518104, Guangdong Province, China
    2. Department of Pediatrics Center, The Third Affiliated of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510150 , Guangdong Province, China
    3. Department of Neonatology, Shenzhen Shajing Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Shenzhen 518104, Guangdong Province, China
  • Received:2016-05-11 Revised:2016-08-08 Published:2016-10-01
  • Corresponding author: Xiaohua Tan
  • About author:
    Corresponding author:Tan Xiaohua,Email:
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Objective

To study the influence of environmental tobacco smoke(ETS) during pregnancy on plasma inflammatory factors interleukin(IL)-6, -10, and C-reactive protein(CRP) contents in neonatal umbilical cord.

Methods

A total of 352 cases of singleton pregnant women and their 352 cases of neonates in Shenzhen Shajing Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University from October 2013 to October 2015, were chosen as study objects. According to questionnaire survey results of whether the maternal had ETS or not during pregnancy, the pregnant women and their newborns were divided into ETS group(ETS) and control group(no ETS). Among 352 cases of maternal who were inquired about the ETS situation during pregnancy as well as the general clinical data and the gender of their newborns.Detected plasma IL-6、-10 and CRP contents of neonatal umbilical cord by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method. Statistical comparison of: ①The differences between two groups in general clinical data of maternal and gender constituent ratio of newborns; ②The differences between two groups of newborns, and pairwise between newborns of mild or severe of ETS maternal and newborns of no ETS maternal in neonatal umbilical cord blood plasma inflammatory factors contents; ③The differences between preterm infants and term infants in each group or between two groups of neonatal umbilical cord blood plasma inflammatory factors contents.The study protocol was approved by the Ethical Review Board of Investigation in Human Being of Shenzhen Shajing Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University.Informed consent was obtained from each participant.

Results

①The questionnaire survey recovery rate was 100.0%.There were 174 cases of ETS maternal or their newborns, including 74 cases of severe ETS maternal and 100 cases of mild ETS maternal, and there were 178 cases of no ETS maternal or their newborns. The constituent ratio of maternal cultural level between two groups has significant difference(χ2=8.099, P=0.017), maternal cultural level of ETS group was lower than that of control group. There were no significant differences between two groups of maternal in maternal age and gestational age, constituent ratio of obesity degree, family monthly income per capita, maternal type and alcohol drinking during pregnancy, and gender constituent ratio of newborns(P>0.05). ②The IL-6 and CRP contents of neonatal umbilical cord blood plasma in ETS group were higher than those of control group, but IL-10 content was lower than that of control group, and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05); Plasma IL-6 content of neonatal umbilical cord blood gradually increased with maternal ETS aggravated, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05); ③Plasma IL-6 and CRP contents of neonatal umbilical cord blood of preterm infants were higher, while IL-10 content was lower than those of term infants in ETS group, and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05); Plasma IL-6 content of neonatal umbilical cord blood of preterm infants was higher than that of term infants in control group, and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05); Plasma IL-6 and CRP contents of neonatal umbilical cord blood of preterm infants in ETS group were higher, while IL-10 content was lower than those of preterm infants in control group, and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05); Plasma IL-6 content of neonatal umbilical cord blood of term infants in ETS group were higher than that of term infants in control group, and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).

Conclusions

Maternal has ETS during pregnancy can affect the inflammatory reaction of newborns, and increase the risk of preterm birth.

Key words: Tobacco smoke pollution, Environmental tobacco smoke, Pregnancy, Interleukin-6, Interleukin-10, Pregnant women, Infant, newborn
表1 两组孕妇一般临床资料及新生儿性别构成比比较[例数(%)]
组别 例数 年龄(岁，±s) 孕龄(周，±s) 文化程度构成比 肥胖程度构成比
中学及以下 高中或中专 大专及以上 营养不良(BMI< 18.5 kg/m2) 正常(BMI：18.5～ 23.9 kg/m2) 超重/肥胖(BMI≥ 24.0 kg/m2)
ETS组 174 24.6±3.2 35.2±3.5 66(37.9) 52(29.9) 56(32.2) 32(18.4) 126(72.4) 16(9.2)
对照组 178 24.9±3.9 35.7±3.4 46(25.8) 51(28.7) 81(45.5) 32(18.0) 127(71.3) 19(10.7)
检验值 ? t＝0.788 t＝1.360 ? χ2＝8.099 ? ? χ2＝0.216 ?
P值 ? 0.431 0.175 ? 0.017 ? ? 0.898 ?
组别 例数 家庭月人均收入构成比 产妇类型构成比 孕期饮酒构成比 新生儿性别构成比
<4 000元 ≥4 000元 初产妇 经产妇 无 有 男性 女性
ETS组 174 97(55.7) 77(44.3) 129(74.1) 45(25.9) 167(96.0) 7(4.0) 86(49.4) 88(50.6)
对照组 178 89(50.0) 89(50.0) 137(77.0) 41(23.0) 171(96.1) 7(3.9) 88(49.4) 90(50.6)
检验值 ? χ2＝1.166 χ2＝0.381 χ2＝0.002 χ2＝0.000
P值 ? 0.280 0.537 0.965 0.998
表2 两组新生儿之间，以及轻、重型ETS孕妇与对照组孕妇分娩新生儿之间脐带血血浆炎症因子含量两两比较(±s)
组别 例数 IL-6(ng/L) IL-10(ng/L) CRP(mg/L)
ETS组 174 27.0±10.0 13.5±3.2 4.0±3.1
? 重型 74 30.1±11.4 12.9±3.4 4.3±3.2
? 轻型 100 24.6±8.1 13.9±2.9 3.9±3.0
对照组 178 22.3±7.3 14.8±4.1 3.0±2.2
t值a ? 4.973 3.179 3.508
P值 ? 0.000 0.002 0.001
表3 两组组内与组间早产儿及足月儿脐带血血浆炎症因子含量比较(±s)
新生儿类型 ETS组 对照组
例数 IL-6(ng/L) IL-10(ng/L) CRP(mg/L) 例数 IL-6(ng/L) IL-10(ng/L) CRP(mg/L)
早产儿 96 30.9±9.2 12.6±2.4 4.8±3.3 79 26.3±7.4 14.1±3.9 3.0±2.2
足月儿 78 22.2±8.9 14.7±3.6 3.0±2.4 99 19.1±5.4 15.0±4.0 2.8±1.9
t值 ? 6.299 4.456 3.950 ? 7.282 1.508 0.650
P值 ? 0.000 0.000 0.000 ? 0.000 0.133 0.516
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