To study the safety and efficacy of surgical technique of vaginal myomectomy in patients with cesarean section.

From January 2008 to January 2011, 14 patients (study group) with the history of cesarean section and uterine fibroids received vaginal myomectomy (all to contain the anterior fornix). The surgical technique was sharp dissection and hydrodissection. At the same time, 43 patients with uterine fibroids but without the history of cesarean section who underwent traditional vaginal myomectomy were included into control group. There had no significant difference of age, body weight, hysteromyoma pieces, diameter of hysteromyoma between two groups (P>0.05). Intraoperative and postoperative situations, complications, postoperative recovery, followed-up between two groups were analyzed. The procedure of this study was consistent with ethical standard established by the committee of investigation in human beings of Mianyang People's Hospital. And it was approved by this committee. Patients were informed of grouping and their written informed consent was obtained before clinical studies.

The operations were successful in study group with no bladder, ureter, bowel and pelvic organ injury or other complications. They were followed up for a good recovery. No significant difference were found in duration of operation, intraoperative blood loss, hospital stay, anal exhaust time, postoperative body temperature returned to normal between two groups (P>0.05).

Vaginal myomectomy which used sharp dissection and hydrodissection to the patients with the history of cesarean section can obtain satisfactory results.