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中华妇幼临床医学杂志(电子版) ›› 2019, Vol. 15 ›› Issue (03) : 320 -327. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1673-5250.2019.03.013

所属专题: 文献

论著

极低出生体重早产儿支气管肺发育不良高危因素分析
莫艳1, 陈玉君1,(), 韦秋芬1, 李燕1, 潘新年1   
  1. 1. 广西壮族自治区妇幼保健院新生儿科,南宁 530003
  • 收稿日期:2018-07-28 修回日期:2019-03-19 出版日期:2019-06-01
  • 通信作者: 陈玉君

Analysis of risk factors for bronchopulmonary dysplasia in very low birth weight preterm infants

Yan Mo1, Yujun Chen1,(), Qiufen Wei1, Yan Li1, Xinnian Pan1   

  1. 1. Department of Neonatology, Maternal & Child Health Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning 530003, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
  • Received:2018-07-28 Revised:2019-03-19 Published:2019-06-01
  • Corresponding author: Yujun Chen
  • About author:
    Corresponding author: Chen Yujun, Email:
  • Supported by:
    Health and Family Planning Commission Self-financing Research Project of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region(Z20170787, Z20170788, Z20170789); Yu Miao Plan Project of Maternal & Child Health Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region(GXWCH-YNJH-2017003)
引用本文:

莫艳, 陈玉君, 韦秋芬, 李燕, 潘新年. 极低出生体重早产儿支气管肺发育不良高危因素分析[J]. 中华妇幼临床医学杂志(电子版), 2019, 15(03): 320-327.

Yan Mo, Yujun Chen, Qiufen Wei, Yan Li, Xinnian Pan. Analysis of risk factors for bronchopulmonary dysplasia in very low birth weight preterm infants[J]. Chinese Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics(Electronic Edition), 2019, 15(03): 320-327.

目的

探讨极低出生体重(VLBW)早产儿支气管肺发育不良(BPD)发生情况及其高危因素。

方法

选择2014年1月1日至12月31日,于广西壮族自治区妇幼保健院住院治疗的107例出生体重<1 500 g早产儿为研究对象。根据其是否被诊断为BPD,而将其分别纳入BPD组(n=36)及非BPD组(n=71)。回顾性分析这107例早产儿的临床病例资料,包括产科因素、早产儿出生时一般情况、治疗经过及住院期间主要并发症发生情况,共计4个方面的26项观察项目。采用t检验及χ2检验,对8项产科因素及10项早产儿出生、治疗相关因素,进行单因素分析;采用单因素logistic回归分析法,对早产儿住院期间发生的8个并发症因素进行分析;再结合已有研究结果及临床经验,以及上述单因素分析结果,将VLBW早产儿发生BPD的13项可能影响因素,进行多因素非条件logistic回归分析,以探讨VLBW早产儿发生BPD的独立影响因素。本研究符合2013年修订的《世界医学协会赫尔辛基宣言》要求。

结果

①对VLBW早产儿发生BPD影响因素的单因素分析结果显示:差异具有统计学意义的因素包括分娩方式、孕产妇宫内感染,早产儿出生体重、胎龄,新生儿窒息、经鼻持续气道正压通气(NCPAP)、有创机械通气、有创机械通气时间、吸入高浓度氧、使用肺表面活性物质(PS)、新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征(NRDS)、动脉导管未闭(PDA)及败血症。②多因素非条件logistic回归分析结果显示:采取有创机械通气(OR=51.936, 95%CI: 2.395~1 126.182, P=0.012),吸入高浓度氧(OR=76.269, 95%CI: 5.279~1 101.998, P=0.001),发生NRDS(OR=4.497, 95%CI: 1.772~11.415, P=0.002)及合并败血症(OR=2.521, 95%CI: 1.006~6.319, P=0.049),为VLBW早产儿发生BPD的独立危险因素;剖宫产术分娩(OR=0.045, 95%CI: 0.003~0.730, P=0.029)为其独立保护因素。

结论

VLBW早产儿若接受有创机械通气、吸入高浓度氧、发生NRDS、合并败血症,则容易发生BPD。临床应针对这些因素,对VLBW早产儿采取相应处理措施,以预防BPD发生。

Objective

To analyze risk factors for bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in very low birth weight (VLBW) preterm infants.

Methods

A total of 107 preterm infants with birth weight <1 500 g were collected from Maternal & Child Health Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region from January 1 to December 31, 2014. According to whether be diagnosed as BPD, they were divided into BPD group (n=36) and non-BPD group (n=71). Clinical data of 107 preterm infants were analyzed retrospectively, including obstetric factors, general condition of preterm infants at birth, treatment processes and main complications, totally 4 aspects of 26 observation factors. Eight obstetric factors and 10 factors related to general conditions at birth and treatments of preterm infants were compared between two groups using t test and chi-square test for univariate analysis. Univariate logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the 8 complication factors of preterm infants during hospitalization. Then, with the existed research results, clinical experiences and univariate factor analysis results, 13 possible influencing factors of BPD occurrence in VLBW preterm infants were analyzed by multivariate unconditional logistic regression analysis in order to explore the independent influencing factors associated with the BPD in VLBW preterm infants. This study was in line with the requirements of World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki revised in 2013.

Results

①The results of univariate analysis of the factors associated with occurrence of BPD in VLBW preterm infants demonstrated that statistical differences presented on delivery mode, intrauterine infection, birthweight and gestational age of preterm infants, asphyxia of newborn, nasal continuous positive airway pressure (NCPAP), invasive ventilation, the duration of invasive ventilation, inhalation of high concentration oxygen, administration of pulmonary surfactant (PS), neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS), patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) and sepsis. ② Multivariate unconditional logistic regression analysis showed that administration of invasive ventilation (OR=51.936, 95%CI: 2.395-1 126.182, P=0.012), inhalation of high concentration oxygen (OR=76.269, 95%CI: 5.279-1 101.998, P=0.001), NRDS (OR=4.497, 95%CI: 1.772-11.415, P=0.002), and complicated with sepsis (OR=2.521, 95%CI: 1.006-6.319, P=0.049) were independent risk factors of BPD occurrence in VLBW preterm infants. Cesarean section (OR=0.045, 95%CI: 0.003-0.730, P=0.029) was protective factor of BPD occurrence in VLBW preterm infants.

Conclusions

If VLBW preterm infants receive invasive ventilation, inhaled high concentration oxygen, complicated with NRDS or sepsis, it would be more likely to suffer from BPD. Pointed measures aimed of these factors should be taken in clinical practice to prevent BPD occurrence in VLBW preterm infants.

表1 极低出生体重早产儿发生支气管肺发育不良可能影响因素的单因素分析结果
表2 产科因素、早产儿出生及治疗经过因素中,极低出生体重早产儿发生支气管肺发育不良可能影响因素的多因素非条件logistic回归分析变量含义及其赋值情况
表3 产科因素、早产儿出生及治疗经过因素中,极低出生体重早产儿发生支气管肺发育不良10项可能影响因素的多因素非条件logistic回归分析
表4 住院期间并发症中,极低出生体重早产儿发生支气管肺发育不良影响因素的单因素及多因素非条件logistic回归分析变量含义及赋值情况
表5 极低出生体重早产儿发生支气管肺发育不良的8个并发症的单因素logistic回归分析
表6 极低出生体重早产儿发生支气管肺发育不良的3项危险因素的多因素非条件logistic回归分析
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