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中华妇幼临床医学杂志(电子版) ›› 2017, Vol. 13 ›› Issue (03) : 293 -298. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1673-5250.2017.03.009

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论著

早孕期妇女日后母乳喂养意愿及其影响因素研究
游华轩1, 罗碧如1,()   
  1. 1. 610041 成都,四川大学华西第二医院妇产科、出生缺陷与相关妇儿疾病教育部重点实验室
  • 收稿日期:2017-03-06 修回日期:2017-04-18 出版日期:2017-06-01
  • 通信作者: 罗碧如

Research of breast feeding intention in the future of early pregnancy women and its influence factors

Huaxuan You1, Biru Luo1,()   

  1. 1. Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
  • Received:2017-03-06 Revised:2017-04-18 Published:2017-06-01
  • Corresponding author: Biru Luo
  • About author:
    Corresponding author: Luo Biru, Email:
引用本文:

游华轩, 罗碧如. 早孕期妇女日后母乳喂养意愿及其影响因素研究[J/OL]. 中华妇幼临床医学杂志(电子版), 2017, 13(03): 293-298.

Huaxuan You, Biru Luo. Research of breast feeding intention in the future of early pregnancy women and its influence factors[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics(Electronic Edition), 2017, 13(03): 293-298.

目的

探讨早孕期妇女日后母乳喂养意愿及其影响因素,为母乳喂养的早期干预提供参考依据。

方法

采用便利抽样方法,选取2016年3月至6月,于成都市某三甲医院产科门诊建卡的576例早孕期妇女为研究对象。采用自行设计的《早孕期妇女日后母乳喂养意愿及影响因素调查表》对受试者进行调查。该调查问卷包含早孕期妇女的一般人口学资料(18个条目)、乳房情况(4个条目)、日后母乳喂养意愿(26个条目)等3个部分,共计48个条目。对所有受试者的一般人口学资料、乳房情况及日后母乳喂养意愿进行统计学描述,对早孕期妇女日后母乳喂养影响因素进行二分类logistic回归分析。

结果

①本研究共计发放调查问卷600份,回收有效问卷576份,有效问卷回收率为96.0%。②这576例早孕期妇女中,97.4%(561/576)孕妇日后愿意进行母乳喂养,90.6%(522/576)孕妇有信心进行母乳喂养,74.0%(427/576)孕妇了解母乳喂养益处,43.9%(253/576)孕妇了解非母乳喂养危害,82.8%(477/576)孕妇表示需要母乳喂养指导。90.3%(520/576)早孕期妇女乳房外形正常,其中,日后愿意进行母乳喂养的早孕期妇女所占比例为98.1%(510/520);76.7%(442/576)早孕期妇女乳头类型正常,其中,日后愿意进行母乳喂养的早孕期妇女所占比例为98.9%(437/442)。不同乳房外形、乳头类型早孕期妇女日后愿意进行母乳喂养的比例分别比较,差异均有统计学意义(χ2=9.78,P=0.002;χ2=16.25,P<0.001)。③早孕期妇女日后母乳喂养意愿影响因素的二分类logistic回归分析结果显示,乳房外形、乳头类型及了解或部分了解非母乳喂养危害,均为早孕期妇女日后母乳喂养意愿的独立影响因素(OR=3.544,95%CI:1.028~12.218,P=0.045;OR=5.858,95%CI:1.858~18.477,P=0.003;OR=0.062,95%CI:0.014~0.269,P<0.001;OR=0.900,95%CI:0.025~0.322,P<0.001)。

结论

早孕期妇女日后母乳喂养意愿较好,接受母乳喂养指导需求大,其日后母乳喂养意愿的独立影响因素为乳房外形、乳头类型及了解或部分了解非母乳喂养危害。临床应加强对早孕期妇女进行日后母乳喂养相关健康教育,将乳房偏小及乳头扁平,甚至凹陷的早孕期妇女,纳入母乳喂养健康教育的重点对象,将非母乳喂养危害作为健康教育的重点内容,以提高母乳喂养率。

Objective

To investigate the breast feeding intention in the future of early pregnancy women and explore its influence factors, and to provide references for early intervention of breast feeding.

Methods

Convenience sampling method was conducted and 576 early pregnancy women having antenatal examination in a certain grade A teritary hospital of Chengdu from March to June of 2016 were chosen as research subjects. Self-made Breast Feeding Intention in the Future and Influencing Factors in Early Pregnancy Questionnaire was used to investigate the social demographic factors (18 items), breast situation (4 items) and breast feeding intention in the future (26 items). Statistical descriptions and binary logistic regression were conducted to analyze the influence factors of breast feeding intention in the future of early pregnancy.

Results

①A total of 600 questionnaires were issued and 576 valid questionnaires were returned. The effective questionnaire return ratio was 96.0%. ②Among the 576 cases of early pregnancy women, 97.4% (561/576) pregnancy women intended to breast feed in the future, and 90.6% (522/576) pregnancy women had confidence in breast feeding after delivery, 74.0% (427/576) women knew the advantages of breast feeding, 43.9% (253/576) women knew the disadvantages of non-breastfeeding, 82.8% (477/576) women needed breast feeding instruction. Among the 576 early pregnancy women, 90.3% (520/576) had normal breast shape, and 98.1% (510/520) of them were willing to breast feed in the future in the future. And 76.7% (442/576) pregnancy women had normal nipple type, and 98.9% (437/442) of them intended to breast feed in the future. There were statistical differences in the rates of willing to breast feed in the future between different breast shapes of early pregnancy women and different nipple types of early pregnancy women, respectively (χ2=9.78, P=0.002; χ2=16.25, P<0.001). ③Results of binary logistic regression analysis of influence factors of breast feeding intention in the future of early pregnancy women indicated that the breast shape, nipple type and awareness or partial awareness of hazards of non-breastfeeding all were the independent influence factors of breast feeding intention in early pregnancy (OR=3.544, 95%CI: 1.028-12.218, P=0.045; OR=5.858, 95%CI: 1.858-18.477, P=0.003; OR=0.062, 95%CI: 0.014-0.269, P<0.001; OR=0.900, 95%CI: 0.025-0.322, P<0.001).

Conclusions

The breast feeding intention in the future of early pregnancy women is good. Breast feeding instruction is needed. Influence factors of breast feeding intention in early pregnancy include breast shape, nipple type and awareness or partial awareness of hazards of non-breastfeeding. Health education should focus on the pregnancy women with abnormal breast or nipple type and emphasize the hazards of non-breastfeeding after delivery, in order to improve breast feeding rate.

表1 接受问卷调查的576例早孕期妇女一般人口学资料调查结果[例数(%)]
表2 接受问卷调查的576例早孕期妇女日后母乳喂养意愿调查结果[例数(%)]
表3 接受问卷调查的576例早孕期妇女不同乳房外型、乳头类型日后母乳喂养意愿比较结果[例数(%)]
表4 早孕期妇女日后母乳喂养意愿影响因素的变量含义及其赋值
表5 接受问卷调查的576例早孕期妇女日后母乳喂养意愿影响因素二分类logistic逐步回归分析结果
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