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中华妇幼临床医学杂志(电子版) ›› 2017, Vol. 13 ›› Issue (02) : 204 -209. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1673-5250.2017.02.015

所属专题: 文献

论著

极早早产儿住院情况及结局
李燕1, 韦秋芬1, 蒙丹华1, 潘新年1,(), 姚丽平1, 经连芳1, 郭小芳1, 赵丹1, 沈开颜1, 许靖1   
  1. 1. 530003 南宁,广西壮族自治区妇幼保健院新生儿科
  • 收稿日期:2017-01-01 修回日期:2017-03-01 出版日期:2017-04-01
  • 通信作者: 潘新年

Hospitalization and outcomes of extremely preterm infants

Yan Li1, Qiufen Wei1, Danhua Meng1, Xinnian Pan1,(), Liping Yao1, Lianfang Jing1, Xiaofang Guo1, Dan Zhao1, Kaiyan Shen1, Jing Xu1   

  1. 1. Department of Neonatology, Maternal & Child Health Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning 530003, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
  • Received:2017-01-01 Revised:2017-03-01 Published:2017-04-01
  • Corresponding author: Xinnian Pan
  • About author:
    Corresponding author: Pan Xinnian, Email:
引用本文:

李燕, 韦秋芬, 蒙丹华, 潘新年, 姚丽平, 经连芳, 郭小芳, 赵丹, 沈开颜, 许靖. 极早早产儿住院情况及结局[J]. 中华妇幼临床医学杂志(电子版), 2017, 13(02): 204-209.

Yan Li, Qiufen Wei, Danhua Meng, Xinnian Pan, Liping Yao, Lianfang Jing, Xiaofang Guo, Dan Zhao, Kaiyan Shen, Jing Xu. Hospitalization and outcomes of extremely preterm infants[J]. Chinese Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics(Electronic Edition), 2017, 13(02): 204-209.

目的

探讨极早早产儿(EPI)的住院情况及结局。

方法

选择2010年1月1日至2015年5月31日,在广西壮族自治区妇幼保健院新生儿重症监护病房(NICU)住院治疗的79例EPI为研究对象。回顾性分析其临床病历资料及随访资料,了解其孕母情况、新生儿期并发症发生情况、转归及出院后随访情况等。统计学比较出生体重<1 000 g与≥1 000~1 250 g EPI呼吸治疗情况。

结果

①本研究79例EPI孕母的前3位妊娠并发症依次为:胎膜早破占38.0%(30/79)、宫内感染和瘢痕子宫各为10.1%(8/79)。②新生儿期前5位临床表现依次为:呼吸困难100.0%(79/79)、反应差84.8%(67/79)、黄疸79.7%(63/79)、腹胀70.9%(56/79)及喂养不耐受62.0%(49/79)。③新生儿期前5位并发症依次为:早产儿贫血81.0%(64/79)、高胆红素血症77.2%(61/79)、喂养不耐受62.0%(49/79)、呼吸窘迫综合征(RDS) 60.8%(48/79)及支气管肺发育不良(BPD)57.0%(45/79)。④在51例存活出院的EPI中,出生体重<1 000 g需呼吸机辅助通气时间较出生体重≥1 000~1 250 g EPI长,并且差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);但二者肺表面活性剂(PS)使用率、呼吸机辅助通气使用率、连续气道正压通气(CPAP)使用率及使用时间,以及高流量吸氧率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。⑤这51例出院患儿中,66.7%(34/51)合并早产儿视网膜病(ROP),45.1%(23/51)听性脑干反应测听未通过。46例完成随访患儿中,语言发育落后为10.9%(5/46),运动发育落后、行为障碍及脑瘫均分别为4.3%(2/46)。

结论

EPI发生的常见原因为胎膜早破,新生儿期并发症多,出院后应密切随访。

Objective

To investigate the hospitalization and outcomes of extremely preterm infant (EPI).

Methods

A retrospective analysis was conducted on 79 cases of EPI in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of Maternal & Child Health Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region from 1 January 2010 to 31 May 2015. Their medical records and follow-up data were reviewed to get details about the maternal condition, complications in neonatal period, also the outcomes and the follow-up condition after discharge from hospital. The respiratory therapy between the infants birth weight<1 000 g and ≥1 000-1250 g were statistically compared.

Results

①The top three maternal diseases of the 79 EPIs were 38.0%(30/79) of premature rupture of membrane, 10.1%(8/79) of intrauterine infection and scarred uterus, respectively. ②The top five clinical manifestations in the neonatal period were 100.0%(79/79) of dyspnea, 84.8%(67/79) of poor response, 79.7%(63/79) of jaundice, 70.9%(56/79) of abdominal distention and 62.0%(49/79) of feeding intolerance, respectively. ③The top five complications in the neonatal period were 81.0%(64/79) of anemiaofprematurity, 77.2%(61/79) of hyperbilirubinemia, 62.0%(49/79) of feeding intolerance, 60.8 %(48/79) of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) and 57.0%(45/79) of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), respectively. ④Among the 51 EPIs who were alive and discharge from hospital, the time of the respirator assisted ventilation of the infant birth weight<1 000 g was longer than that of the infant birth weight≥1 000-1 250 g, and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). There were no significant differences between infant birth weight<1 000 g and ≥1 000-1 250 g in the usage rate of pulmonary surfactant (PS), the usage rate of respirator assisted ventilation, the usage time and rate of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) and the rate of high-flow oxygen inhalation (P>0.05). ⑤Among the 51 EPIs who were discharge from hospital, 34 cases (66.7%) had retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), 23 cases (45.1%) failed the auditory brainstem response test. Among the 46 cases who were followed up successfully, language development retardation was 10.9% (5/46), motor development retardation, behavior disorder and cerebral palsy was 4.3% (2/46), respectively.

Conclusions

Premature rupture of membranes is the common cause of the EPI, and there were many complications in their neonatal period. We should take close follow up after they discharge from hospital.

表1 本组79例极早早产儿孕母情况[例数(%)]
表2 本组79例极早早产儿一般临床资料及生后临床表现[例数(%)]
表3 本组79例极早早产儿新生儿期并发症发生情况[例数(%)]
表4 51例存活极早早产儿不同出生体重呼吸治疗情况
表5 本组极早早产儿转归及随访[%(n/n′)]
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