To investigate the obstetric risk factors of neonatal hypoglycemia.

There were 92 cases of newborns who were tested blood glucose within thirty minutes after birth and identified as at risk of neonatal hypoglycemia at the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University during September 1, 2014 to December 31, 2015 (case group). In the meantime, 92 cases of newborns with normal blood glucose level as control group were randomly selected from the same hospital by systematic sampling method during the same period. Relative risk factors which might cause neonatal hypoglycemia, such as maternal age, gravidity and parity history, pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI), pregnancy complications, delivery mode, gestational age, birth weight, newborn gender, the incidence of premature babies, macrosomia, low birth weight infants (LBWI), large for gestational age(LGA) infants, small for gestational age (SGA) infants, twins and so on were retrospectively analyzed. Data were performed by using single factor and multiple unconditioned logistic regression analysis. This research was in line with ethics standards promulgated by the ethical review committee of the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, which had been approved by the committee.

①There were significant differences between two groups in the aspects of neonatal gestational age, blood glucose concentration within thirty minutes after birth, and incidence of premature infants and LBWI (t=-5.081, t=-19.907, χ²=8.725, χ²=5.545; P<0.05). But there were no significant differences between two groups in the birth weight, gender ratio and incidence of macrosomia, SGA infants and LGA infants (t=-0.553, χ²=0.087, 1.516, 1.815, 1.512; P>0.05). ②Among 92 neonatal hypoglycemia infants (case group), 83 cases (90.2%) had no clinical symptoms, another 9 cases had clinical manifestations (9.8%), but not typical.③In case group, the pre-pregnancy BMI and the incidence rate of maternal pre-pregnancy overweight or obesity were both higher than those of control group[(23.9±4.5)kg/m² vs (21.5±2.7)kg/m^2, 45.7% vs 12.0%], and both the differences were statistically significant (t=4.245, χ²=25.468; P<0.05). But there were no significant difference between two groups in maternal age, gravidity, parity(t=0.483, Z=-0.492, Z=-0.603; P>0.05). ④ The incidence rates of pregnancy combined diabetes mellitus, gestational hypertension disease, cesarean section and elective cesarean were higher than those of control group(40.2% vs 12.0%, 32.6% vs 6.5%, 94.6% vs 52.2%, 63.2% vs 41.7%), and the differences were statistically significant (χ²=19.054, 19.892, 42.307, 5.819; P<0.05). But there were no significant differences in the incidence rates of premature rupture of membranes, intrauterine infection, intrauterine distress between the two groups (P>0.05). ⑤ Multiple unconditional logistic regression analysis showed that, maternal pre-pregnancy overweight or obesity, pregnancy combined diabetes mellitus, cesarean section and premature infants were risk factors of neonatal hypoglycemia(OR=3.355, 3.368, 9.174, 4.981; 95%CI: 1.416-7.950, 1.369-8.286, 3.142-26.787, 1.187-20.898; P<0.05).

Controlling pre-pregnancy weight, strengthening the standard management of diseases such as diabetes and hypertension disease during pregnancy, decreasing obstetric complications, reducing the incidence rate of cesarean section, shortening the preoperative fasting duration and giving preoperative rehydration, are all playing positive roles in reducing and preventing the incidence of neonatal hypoglycemia.