Etiological Factors of Chronic Cough in Children of Mianyang Area

doi:10.3877/cma.j.issn.1673-5250.2014.01.023

Objective

To investigate the etiological factors of nonspecific chronic cough in children of Mianyang area.

Methods

From January to December 2010, a total of 1 842 outpatient cases were diagnosed as nonspecific chronic cough in Central Hospital of Mianyang. They were divided into 3 groups according to different age-periods, infant group (n=998, between the age of 3 month-old to 3 years) , preschool group (n=416, between the age of 3 to 6 years old) , school and later group (n=428, between the age of 6-14 years old) . There had no significant differences between three groups on gender and course of disease (P>0.05) . The study protocol was approved by the Ethical Review Board of Investigation in Central Hospital of Mianyang. Informed consent was obtained from all participates' parents. All of the patients were first asked in detail about the history, complete physical examination, and the next step of auxiliary examination were conducted according to the medical history and physical examination results. The follow-up was conducted by telephone and clinic service for 3 months.

Results

Among those 1 842 cases, the etiological factors of 1 806 cases (98.05% ) were clear. The causes leading to nonspecific chronic cough were different in different age groups. There had significant differences on etiological factors among three groups (P<0.05) . The top two causes of nonspecific chronic cough of infant group were cough after infection (38.28%, 382/ 998) , cough variant asthma (36.97%,369/ 998) . While the main cause of the preschool group and school and later group were variant asthma [accounted for 62.26% (259/ 416) and 50.93% (218/ 428) , respectively) . Cough after infection ranked the second and accounted for 15.87% (66/ 416) in preschool group, upper airway cough syndrome ranked the second and accounted for 25.47% (109/ 428) in school and later group.

Conclusions

The etiological factors of nonspecific chronic cough in children of Mianyang area are complex. It may cause by single factor or multiple factors. Children in different age periods with nonspecific chronic cough have the different etiological factors.

Key words: Chronic cough, Causes constituent, Child

表1 导致不同年龄组儿童慢性咳嗽的病因构成[n（％）]

Table 1 The causes constituents ratio of chronic cough in children[n（%）]

组别	n	感染后咳嗽	咳嗽变异性哮喘	上气道咳嗽综合征	多重因素	支气管异物	胃、食管反流	结核分枝杆菌感染	病因不明
婴幼儿组	998	382(38.28)	369(36.97)	62 (6.21)	87 (8.72)	28(2.81)	34(3.41)	0(0.00)	36(3.61)
学龄前组	416	66(15.87)	259(62.26)	37 (8.89)	52(12.50)	2(0.48)	0(0.00)	0(0.00)	0(0.00)
学龄期及以后组	428	50(11.68)	218(50.93)	109(25.47)	41 (9.58)	0(0.00)	0(0.00)	10(2.34)	0(0.00)
合计	1 842	498(27.04)	846(45.93)	208(11.29)	180(9.77)	30(1.63)	34(1.85)	10(0.54)	36(1.95)
χ²		141.270	82.430	114.750	8.44	24.110	29.300	33.270	30.960
P		<0.005	<0.005	<0.005	<0.05	<0.005	<0.005	<0.005	<0.005

表1 导致不同年龄组儿童慢性咳嗽的病因构成[n（％）]

Table 1 The causes constituents ratio of chronic cough in children[n（%）]

组别	n	感染后咳嗽	咳嗽变异性哮喘	上气道咳嗽综合征	多重因素	支气管异物	胃、食管反流	结核分枝杆菌感染	病因不明
婴幼儿组	998	382(38.28)	369(36.97)	62 (6.21)	87 (8.72)	28(2.81)	34(3.41)	0(0.00)	36(3.61)
学龄前组	416	66(15.87)	259(62.26)	37 (8.89)	52(12.50)	2(0.48)	0(0.00)	0(0.00)	0(0.00)
学龄期及以后组	428	50(11.68)	218(50.93)	109(25.47)	41 (9.58)	0(0.00)	0(0.00)	10(2.34)	0(0.00)
合计	1 842	498(27.04)	846(45.93)	208(11.29)	180(9.77)	30(1.63)	34(1.85)	10(0.54)	36(1.95)
χ²		141.270	82.430	114.750	8.44	24.110	29.300	33.270	30.960
P		<0.005	<0.005	<0.005	<0.05	<0.005	<0.005	<0.005	<0.005

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