Clinical Analysis of Treatment for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and Pregnancy Outcomes

doi:10.3877/cma.j.issn.1673-5250.2012.04.013

Objective

To study the effects of treatment on the pregnancy outcomes in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM)women.

Methods

From January 2009 to June 2011, 125 case of GDM women diagnosed at outpatient department were included in the study group.The methods of controlling blood glucose levels included diets control and exercises only, diets control and exercises + insulin therapy.Anather 125 cases with normal blood glucose who delivered in the same hospital were selected randomly as control group. The differences on gravid general situations and pregnancy outcomes between two groups were observed. Clinical data were restrospectively analyzed. Informed consent was obtained from all participants.

Results

There were no significant differences in body mass index(BMI) before delivery and gestational ages at delivery(P>0.05), while there had significant difference in ages between two groups (P<0.01). In study group, there were 93 cases (74.4%) who had been treated by diets control and exercises had satisfactory blood glucose levels and pregnancy outcomes; the other 32 cases who had been treated by insulin, Among them there were 30 cases had satisfactory blood glucose levels and pregnancy outcomes, only 2 cases whose blood glucose levels controlled unsatisfactorily and complicated with preeclampsia, were terminated pregnancy at 35~36 weeks.In order to evaluate fetal lung maturation, amniocentesis was performed before 48 h of termination, and dexamethasone was given in amniotic cavity for enhancement of fetal lung maturation.There were no significant differences in pregnancy outcomes, maternal and neonatal complications between two groups.

Conclusions

Maternal age is one of the high risk factors of GDM.Diets control, exercises, timely and properly use of insulin for GDM would reduce perinatal complications and improve perinatal outcomes.

Key words: gestational diabetes mellitus, diet control, exercise, insulin, perinatal outcomes

表1 两组孕妇一般情况比较(±s)

Table 1 Comparison of general clinical data between two groups (±s)

组别	n	年龄(岁)	胎龄(孕周)	孕期体重增加(kg)	分娩前BMI(kg/m²)
研究组	125	30.78±5.73	38.68±3.46	16.50±5.40	18.25±5.33
对照组	125	28.56±5.85	39.18±3.31	16.38±4.30	17.64±5.68
t/χ²	?	3.031	1.167	0.194	0.876
P	?	<0.01	>0.05	>0.05	>0.05

表1 两组孕妇一般情况比较(±s)

Table 1 Comparison of general clinical data between two groups (±s)

组别	n	年龄(岁)	胎龄(孕周)	孕期体重增加(kg)	分娩前BMI(kg/m²)
研究组	125	30.78±5.73	38.68±3.46	16.50±5.40	18.25±5.33
对照组	125	28.56±5.85	39.18±3.31	16.38±4.30	17.64±5.68
t/χ²	?	3.031	1.167	0.194	0.876
P	?	<0.01	>0.05	>0.05	>0.05

表2 两组孕妇妊娠结局及母儿并发症发生情况比较[n(%)]

Table 2 Results of pregnancy outcomes and perinatal complications between two groups[n(%)]

组别	n	剖宫产	妊娠期高血压	早产	巨大儿	胎儿窘迫	新生儿低血糖
研究组	125	58(46.40)	3(2.40)	5(4.00)	8(6.40)	3(2.40)	2(1.60)
对照组	125	52(41.60)	2(1.60)	6(4.80)	6(4.80)	2(1.60)	1(0.80)
t/χ²	?	0.584	0.204	0.095	0.303	0.204	0.337
P	?	>0.05	>0.05	>0.05	>0.05	>0.05	>0.05

表2 两组孕妇妊娠结局及母儿并发症发生情况比较[n(%)]

Table 2 Results of pregnancy outcomes and perinatal complications between two groups[n(%)]

组别	n	剖宫产	妊娠期高血压	早产	巨大儿	胎儿窘迫	新生儿低血糖
研究组	125	58(46.40)	3(2.40)	5(4.00)	8(6.40)	3(2.40)	2(1.60)
对照组	125	52(41.60)	2(1.60)	6(4.80)	6(4.80)	2(1.60)	1(0.80)
t/χ²	?	0.584	0.204	0.095	0.303	0.204	0.337
P	?	>0.05	>0.05	>0.05	>0.05	>0.05	>0.05

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