To investigate the results of etiology and condition of susceptibility test of bacterial pneumonia caused by measles in order to provide basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment.

From April 2007 to December 2008, qualified sputum specimens of lower respiratory tract from 105 children diagnosed as bacterial pneumonia caused by measles were carried on a germ development analyzed by bacterial culture. According to the clinical medication, curative effects and results of sputum culture, 105 specimens were divided into drug sensitivity group (n=80) and drug resistance group (n=25). Informed consent was obtained from all participates.

① Infection types: The infection of Gram-negative bacteria was 92 cases(87.60%), among them, the first three are escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, and haemophilus parainfluenzae. The infection of Gram-positive bacteria was 8 cases(7.62%), including 6 cases of streptococcus pneumoniae, 1 case of staphylococcus aureus, and 1 case of hemolytic streptococcus. And the fungous infection was 5 cases(4.76%). ②Results of susceptibility test: The drug sensitive rates of Gram-negative bacteria and imipenem were 100.00%, respectively. Aminoglycosides, quinolones and sulbactam also had high drug sensitive rates. The drug sensitive rates of rifampicin (RFP) to Gram-positive bacteria was 100.00%, to vancomycin and ofloxacin were 87.50%, respectively. As for fungi, the drug sensitive rates of fluconazol and amphotericin were 100.00%. ③ Curative effects and prognosis: The ineffective treatment of drug sensitivity group was 19 cases, but after adjusting the therapeutic regimen according to the results of drug sensitive test, 17 cases (89.40%) cured and 2 had no more improvement. The ineffective treatment of drug resistance group was 25 cases, among them, 21 cases (84.00%) recovered after adjusting the therapeutic regimen according to the results of drug sensitive test for 3 days, 2 died of pneumothorax, and 2 discharged without recovery.

The main pathogenic bacteria of bacterial pneumonia caused by measles is conditional pathogenic bacteria, and hospital onset of infection is another reason, so early detection, diagnosis, and treatment could decrease the bacterial resistance.