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中华妇幼临床医学杂志(电子版) ›› 2025, Vol. 21 ›› Issue (02) : 133 -139. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1673-5250.2025.02.002

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新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病诊治的研究现状
邱玉芬1, 高晓燕1,()   
  1. 1. 广西壮族自治区妇幼保健院/广西儿科疾病临床医学研究中心新生儿医疗中心,南宁 530010
  • 收稿日期:2024-11-30 修回日期:2025-03-12 出版日期:2025-04-01
  • 通信作者: 高晓燕
  • 基金资助:
    广西壮族自治区卫生健康委员会医疗卫生适宜技术开发与推广应用项目(S20211075)

Current research status of diagnosis and treatment on neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy

Yufeng Qiu1, Xiaoyan Gao1,()   

  1. 1. Neonatal Medical Center,Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Maternal and Child Health Hospital/Guangxi Pediatric Disease Clinical Medical Research Center,Nanning 530010,Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region,China
  • Received:2024-11-30 Revised:2025-03-12 Published:2025-04-01
  • Corresponding author: Xiaoyan Gao
引用本文:

邱玉芬, 高晓燕. 新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病诊治的研究现状[J/OL]. 中华妇幼临床医学杂志(电子版), 2025, 21(02): 133-139.

Yufeng Qiu, Xiaoyan Gao. Current research status of diagnosis and treatment on neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics(Electronic Edition), 2025, 21(02): 133-139.

新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病(HIE)是指产前、产时缺氧窒息引发脑灌注不足导致的新生儿脑损伤,并出现一系列脑病临床表现。HIE严重影响新生儿生活质量,危害新生儿健康,可导致其新生儿期死亡,是导致患儿发生远期后遗症的主要原因之一。HIE 发病与多种因素相关,窒息是导致新生儿HIE的主要原因。振幅整合脑电图(aEEG)及头颅MRI检查,是辅助诊断HIE 的重要手段。HIE分度可参照改良的Sarnat标准进行。亚低温治疗是目前公认的治疗新生儿HIE 的主要方法,部分药物治疗及稀有气体疗法,或许会成为治疗新生儿HIE 的新方案。笔者拟就新生儿HIE 的病因、诊断、分度、治疗等最新研究现状进行阐述。

Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy(HIE)is a condition in newborns caused by insufficient cerebral perfusion due to prenatal or intrapartum hypoxia and asphyxia,resulting in brain injury and a series of neurological symptoms in clinical practice.HIE affects the quality of life of newborns and endangers their health,can lead to neonatal mortality,and is one of the main causes of long-term sequelae.HIE is related to multiple factors,and hypoxia is the main cause of HIE in newborns.Amplitude-integrated electroencephalography (aEEG)and head MRI examination are important diagnostic tools for HIE.The degree of HIE can be referred to the modified Sarnat standard.Mild hypothermia therapy is the main treatment method currently recognized for HIE,and some drug therapy and rare gas therapy may become new attempts for treating HIE in newborns.In this paper,the author intends to present the latest research findings on the etiology,diagnosis,degree classification,and treatment of HIE in newborns.

表1 采取改良Sarnat标准对新生儿HIE的轻度、中度或重度分度及与正常新生儿的比较
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