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中华妇幼临床医学杂志(电子版) ›› 2022, Vol. 18 ›› Issue (01) : 1 -6. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1673-5250.2022.01.001

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免疫治疗和靶向治疗在阴道黑色素瘤的探索性研究
陈静红, 尹如铁()   
  • 收稿日期:2021-09-23 修回日期:2021-11-22 出版日期:2022-02-01
  • 通信作者: 尹如铁

Exploratory studies of immunotherapy and targeted therapy in vaginal melanoma

Jinghong Chen, Rutie Yin()   

  • Received:2021-09-23 Revised:2021-11-22 Published:2022-02-01
  • Corresponding author: Rutie Yin
  • Supported by:
    Key Project of Sichuan Provincial Department of Science and Technology(19ZDYF); Project of Chengdu Science and Technology Administration(2021-YF05-01725-SN)
引用本文:

陈静红, 尹如铁. 免疫治疗和靶向治疗在阴道黑色素瘤的探索性研究[J]. 中华妇幼临床医学杂志(电子版), 2022, 18(01): 1-6.

Jinghong Chen, Rutie Yin. Exploratory studies of immunotherapy and targeted therapy in vaginal melanoma[J]. Chinese Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics(Electronic Edition), 2022, 18(01): 1-6.

阴道黑色素瘤(VM)侵袭性强,患者预后差,传统治疗策略包括手术及辅助放、化疗。虽然对该病研究多系单中心、小样本、回顾性研究,但是免疫与靶向药物的研发,仍然为基因突变呈阳性的VM患者带来了新的希望。对过表达细胞毒性T淋巴细胞抗原(CTLA)-4及程序性死亡受体(PD)-1的VM患者,免疫检查点抑制剂可有效改善其生存质量及预后。免疫联合放疗成为近年临床治疗VM患者的研究热点之一。VM患者靶向治疗包括KIT抑制剂、鼠类肉瘤滤过性毒菌致癌同源体B1(BRAF)/丝裂原活化的细胞外信号调节激酶(MEK)抑制剂及抗血管生成靶向治疗等。迄今对双免联合、双靶联合,靶、免联合的探索性研究,尚未在VM治疗中开展。笔者拟对VM患者的免疫与靶向治疗相关研究的最新进展进行阐述,旨在为其临床诊疗提供参考。

Vaginal melanoma (VM) is a highly aggressive malignancy with a poor prognosis. Traditional treatment strategies for VM include surgery and adjuvant radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Although most studies for VM are single-center and small-sample retrospective studies, the development of immune and targeted drugs has brought new hope to VM patients with positive gene mutations. Immune checkpoint inhibitors are effective in improving survival and prognosis in VM patients overexpressing cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen (CTLA)-4 and programmed death (PD)-1. The combination of immunotherapy and radiotherapy has also become a hot research topic in clinical treatment of VM in recent years. Targeted therapies for VM include KIT inhibitors, v-Raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B1 (BRAF)/ mitogen-activated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (MEK) inhibitors, and antiangiogenic targeted therapy. Up to now, exploratory studies related with double immune combination, double target combination, target-immune combination therapy have not yet been carried out in VM. In this review, we intended to describe the latest advances concerning immunotherapy and targeted therapy for VM in order to provide help for its clinical diagnosis and treatment.

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