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中华妇幼临床医学杂志(电子版) ›› 2012, Vol. 08 ›› Issue (06) : 748 -754. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1673-5250.2012.06.019

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论著

戊酸雌二醇预防围绝经期、绝经后骨质疏松的系统评价
黄璐1, 许良智1,*,*()   
  1. 1. 610041 成都,四川大学华西第二医院妇产科
  • 收稿日期:2012-07-04 修回日期:2012-11-09 出版日期:2012-12-01
  • 通信作者: 许良智

Estradiol Valerate for the Prevention of Perimenopausal and Postmenopausal Osteoporosis: A Systematic Review

Lu HUANG1, Liang-zhi XU1()   

  1. 1. Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
  • Received:2012-07-04 Revised:2012-11-09 Published:2012-12-01
  • Corresponding author: Liang-zhi XU
  • About author:
    (Corresponding author: XU Liang-zhi, Email: )
引用本文:

黄璐, 许良智. 戊酸雌二醇预防围绝经期、绝经后骨质疏松的系统评价[J/OL]. 中华妇幼临床医学杂志(电子版), 2012, 08(06): 748-754.

Lu HUANG, Liang-zhi XU. Estradiol Valerate for the Prevention of Perimenopausal and Postmenopausal Osteoporosis: A Systematic Review[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics(Electronic Edition), 2012, 08(06): 748-754.

目的

系统评价戊酸雌二醇(E2V)预防围绝经期、绝经后骨质疏松症(OP)的疗效和安全性。

方法

计算机检索Medline(1950年1月至2012年3月),EMbase(1974年1月至2012年3月),Cochrane图书馆临床试验资料库(2012年第1期),中国生物医学文献数据库(CBMdisc,1979年1月至2012年3月),中国期刊全文数据库[清华同方(CNKI )](1994年1月至2012年3月),中文科技期刊全文数据库[维普(VIP)](1989年1月至2012年3月)。收集有关E2V预防围绝经期、绝经后妇女OP的疗效的文献,并比较E2V+甲羟孕酮(MPA)或E2V+醋酸环丙孕酮(CPA)(纳入E2V+ MPA组,E2V+ CPA组)与安慰剂(纳入对照组)预防围绝经期、绝经后妇女OP的随机对照试验(RCTs)结果。由2位评价员独立对纳入文献进行资料提取和质量评价,并采用RevMan 4.2.10统计学分析软件对相关预防围绝经期、绝经后妇女OP方案的疗效进行Meta分析。

结果

本系统分析共纳入4个E2V预防围绝经期、绝经后妇女OP RCTs,包括764例研究对象。其中,E2V+ MPA组,E2V+ CPA组与对照组各纳入受试者为370例,231例和163例。Meta分析结果显示,有合并分析时采用异质性分析,有异质性的采用随机效应模式E2V +MPA组或E2V+CPA组,增加妇女的腰椎(L2~L4)和股骨颈的骨密度(BMD)优于对照组。E2V +MPA组或E2V+CPA组的E2V剂量为1.5 mg或2.0 mg时,对于提高腰椎(L2~L4)及股骨颈BMD疗效有优于E2V剂量为1.0 mg的趋势,但差异无统计学意义(WMD=-9.80,95%CI:-21.66~2.06;P=0.11)。有2项研究提供了不良反应结果的报道,显示E2V预防组与对照组的不良反应比较,差异均无统计学意义(RD=0.04,95%CI:-0.07~0.15,P=0.48)。

结论

采用E2V预防围绝经期、绝经后OP效肯定,能提高腰椎(L2~L4)及股骨颈的BMD,且不增加不良反应发生风险。

Objective

To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of estradiol valerate (E2V) to prevent the occurrence of osteoporosis in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women.

Methods

Taking"randomized controlled trial","osteoporosis", and"estradiol valerate"as key words, we searched Medline (1950 to March 2012), EMbase (1974 to March 2012), Cochrane Library Clinical Trial Database (Issue 1, 2012), Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBMdisc, 1979 to March 2012), China Academic Journal Network Database (CNKI, 1994 to March 2012), and Chinese Science & Technology Journal Database (VIP, 1989 to March 2012). Some related journals were hand searched as well. All randomized controlled trials (RCTs) about E2V to prevent the occurrence of osteoporosis in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women were collected. The quality of included RCTs was evaluated and meta-analysis was conducted by the Cochrane Collaboration's software RevMan 4.2.10.

Results

Four RCTs involving 1048 subjects were included. E2V alone or in combination with CPA OR MPA to prevent the occurrence of osteoporosis in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women. Meta-analysis showed, the increase of bone material density (BMD) of lumbar vertebrae and femoral neck in E2V+ MPA or E2V+ CPA group were better than that in control group; the increases of BMD of lumbar vertebrae and femoral neck are comparable with 1.0 mg versus 1.5 mg E2V (both with MPA added), and 1.0 mg versus 2.0 mg E2V (both with MPA added). No significant difference was found in the efficacy of using small and larger doses of E2V to prevent osteoporosis.

Conclusions

E2V is effective in the prevention and treatment of OP in perimenopausal and postmenopausal, with the increase of the BMD of lumbar vertebrae and femoral neck. Small doses of E2V are recommended to prevent OP in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women.

表1 4项纳入研究RCTs的特征
Table 1 Characteristics of eligible studies
纳入文献 观察时限 纳入对象 干预措施 测量指标 不良反应情况及发生率 退出与失访人数
干预组 对照组 干预组 对照组
Heikkinen等[8] 2年 52例。49~55岁,自然绝经0.5~3.0年 26例。49~55岁,自然绝经0.5~3.0年 干预组1(26例):E2V 2 mg/d×11 d,E2V 2 mg ×10 d+ MPA 10 mg/d×10 d,干预组2(26例):E2V 2 mg/d×70 d,E2V 2 mg×14 d+MPA 20 mg/d×14 d 安慰剂×24个月 腰椎(L2~L4);左股骨颈区域BMD 未提及 9
Komulainen等[9] 2.5年及5年 232例,47~56岁,绝经0.5~2.0年 116例,47~56岁,绝经0.5~2.0年 HRT组(116例):E2V 2 mg/d×(1~21)d+CPA 1 mg/d×(12~21)d;HRT+Vit D组(116例):E2V 2 mg/d×(1~21) d+CPA 1 mg/d×(12~21)d+乳酸钙300 mg/d×(1~21)d+维生素D 300 IU/d×(1~21)d 安慰剂(乳酸钙)500 mg/d×21 d 腰椎(L1~L4),左股骨近端骨矿物质密度 未提及 23
Heikkinen等[10] 4年 139例,45~65岁,绝经>3年,BMI<30 kg/m2 139例,45~65岁,绝经>3年,BMI<30 kg/m2 E2V 2.0 mg/d+MPA 2.5 mg或5.0 mg/d×48个月 E2V 1.0 mg/d + MPA 2.5 mg或5.0 mg/d×48个月 腰椎(L2~L4),股骨颈,转子粗隆,BMD 未提及 122
Lu等[11] 1.5年 69例,41~65岁,绝经(1~8)年 23例,41~65岁,绝经(1~8)年 干预1组( 24例):E2V 1 mg/d +MPA 2 mg/d+ Ca 400 mg/d×18个月;干预2组(22例): E2V 110 mg/d+MPA 2 mg/d+ Ca 400 mg/d+Vit D 200 IU/d×18个月;干预3组(23例): E2V 115 mg/d+MPA 2 mg/d+Ca 400 mg/d+Vit D 200 IU/d×18个月 Ca 400 mg/d+Vit D 200 IU/d×18个月 用药前及用药6,12,18个月时测定腰椎(L2~L4)与股骨颈BMD 未提及 15
表2 4项纳入研究RCTs的质量评估
Table 2 Quality evaluation of eligible studies
图1 E2V 2.0 mg+MPA 或CPA与安慰剂比较
Figure 1 Comparison of E2V 2.0 mg+MPA and placebo
图2 E2V 1.5mg+MPA 与安慰剂比较
Figure 2 Comparison of E2V 1.5 mg+MPA and placebo
图3 E2V 1 mg+MPA 与安慰剂比较
Figure 3 Comparison of E2V 1 mg+MPA and placebo
图4 E2V 2 mg+CPA 与安慰剂比较
Figure 4 Comparison of E2V 2 mg+CPA and placebo
图5 不同剂量E2V对骨密度的影响
Figure 5 Impact of different dose of E2V on bone mineral density
图6 两组对子宫内膜增生的比较
Figure 6 Comparison of endometrial hyperplasia between two groups
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