探讨儿童抽动障碍(TD)发病的相关因素，为临床防治TD提供依据。

选择2009年1月至12月在淄博市妇幼保健院儿童保健门诊以抽动为主诉就诊并确诊为TD的患儿纳入研究组(n＝122)。对照组(n＝106)为同期在本院就诊，排除TD病史儿童(本研究遵循的程序符合本院人体试验委员会制定的伦理学标准，得到该委员会批准，分组征得受试对象监护人的知情同意，并与其签署临床研究知情同意书)。两组儿童年龄及男、女儿童比例比较，差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。采取自行设计的《儿童抽动障碍Logistic相关因素分析量表》进行现场问卷调查，对TD危险因素进行二分类Logistic回归分析。

病例对照研究发现，15项单因素二分类Logistic回归分析结果显示，家庭管教严厉、儿童发脾气/性格敏感、饮食偏嗜、合并反复呼吸道感染史及注意力缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)、家族抽动症病史等因素两组比较，差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组分娩方式、出生体重、母亲年龄、胎龄、围生期窒息等因素比较，差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。家庭管教严厉、儿童易发脾气/性格敏感、饮食偏嗜、合并反复呼吸道感染史及ADHD、家族抽动症病史为TD发病关系密切的危险因素(P<0.05)。未发现TD同生产方式、出生体重、母亲年龄、胎龄、围生期窒息等因素有密切关系(P>0.05)。

防治TD应注意优化家庭养育环境、平衡日常饮食、调试儿童性格、调节儿童免疫功能以增强抵抗力等。

To investigate the related factors on children with tic disorders (TD) and provide the clinical evidence for therapy.

This was a prospective observational study with institutional ethics approval and written maternal consent. From January to December 2009, a total of 122 children with TD were selected as study group, while 106 cases without TD were selected as control group. There were no significant differences in gender ratio, age and etc between two groups(P>0.05). All the children were investigated with " Related Factors on Children With Tic Disorders Logistic Scale" which was designed by Weifang Medical College. The risk factors of TD were analysed by class two Logistic regression.

Among 15 single-factor, such as family discipline harsh, angry / personality sensitive to partial addicted to diet, family history of TD, history of recurrent respiratory tract infections, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD) had significant differences between two groups(P<0.05). While other factors, such as delivery method, birth weight, maternal gestational age and perinatal asphyxia had no significant differences between two groups (P>0.05). According to class two Logistic regression analysis classification of 15 single-factor, factors of family discipline harsh, angry / personality sensitive to partial addicted to diet, family history of TD, history of recurrent respiratory tract infections, ADHD were closely related to TD incidence (P<0.05). While other factors of delivery method, birth weight, maternal gestational age and perinatal asphyxia had no correspondence (P>0.05).

In order to treat and prevent TD, factors such as family environment, balanced diet, testing children character, enhance children's regulation of the immune resistance and so on should be taken into account.