通过回顾性对比和分析新生儿阻塞性肝炎(neonatal obstructive hepatitis)和先天性胆道闭锁(congenital biliary atresia)患儿的超声学检查结果，探讨超声检查在两种疾病鉴别诊断中的应用价值。

2005年6月至2008年10月，对本院19例经腹腔镜胆道X射线造影证实为重症新生儿阻塞性肝炎和21例经病理学检查证实为先天性胆道闭锁患儿空腹时超声图像中胆囊形态和大小，进食前、后胆囊收缩程度及有无肝门纤维块等进行回顾性统计和分析。

超声检查时，两组患儿空腹胆囊的形态异常率及胆囊长轴缩短率比较，先天性胆道闭锁组高于阻塞性肝炎组，且差异有显著意义(P<0.05)；肝门纤维块出现率比较，差异亦有显著意义(P＝0.001)。两组患儿进食后，胆囊收缩功能明显消失率比较，差异有显著意义(P＝0.028)。

早期行超声检查，通过观察患儿空腹时胆囊长轴长度和形态及有无肝门纤维块，将有助于两种病变的鉴别诊断。进食后胆囊收缩功能明显消失，对两种疾病的鉴别诊断有协助诊断意义。

To evaluate the value of ultrasound in differential diagnosis of neonatal obstructive hepatitis and congenital biliary atresia.

From June 2005 to October 2008, ultrasound data of 19 cases with neonatal obstructive hepatitis and 21 cases with congenital biliary atresia were reviewed retrospectively. The gall bladder shape and size, gall bladder contraction and the visualization of the triangular cord sign were analyzed.

Statistically, the gall bladder size of patients with neonatal obstructive hepatitis was significantly greater than that of patients with congenital biliary atresia(P=0.001). The presenting rates of gall bladder contraction and the triangular cord sign of two groups were significantly different(P=0.028).

The size and shape of gall bladder, triangular cord sign, and the ability of gall bladder contraction were useful sonographically in differential diagnosis between neonatal obstructive hepatitis and congenital biliary atresia.