探讨新生儿窒息时，血清电解质、血糖变化及与病情发展的关系。

研究对象为2006年1月至2006年12月窒息新生儿中入本院前无静脉治疗患儿65例(窒息组)。窒息程度按Apgar评分标准，将其分为轻度窒息组(n＝32)与重度窒息组(n＝33)，并以同期非窒息新生儿30例为对照组。入院后第1次静脉血的血清电解质和血糖检测结果为评价标准，并行χ²检验、t检验和OR分析，进行血清电解质和血糖比较。

窒息组电解质(钾、钠、氯、钙)与对照组比较，除血清钾变化差异无显著意义外，血清钠、氯、钙均低于对照组，差异有显著意义(P<0.01)。OR分析显示，窒息组低血钠、氯、钙和高血糖的发生率远大于对照组，而窒息组的低血糖、高血钾的发生率与对照组比较，差异无显著意义。窒息组较对照组更易发生高血糖(P<0.01)。轻度窒息组与重度窒息组血糖、钠、氯、钙等方面比较，差异有显著意义(P<0.01)。

新生儿窒息可引起血清电解质紊乱和血糖改变，是发生低血钠、氯、钙，高血糖的危险因素。电解质紊乱程度与窒息轻重关系密切，及时发现并纠正内环境紊乱，将有利于降低多器官损害。

To investigate the disease progress of concentration of serum electrolytes and glucose in asphyxiated neonates.

65 asphyxia neonates who had no intravenous infusion were divided into mild asphyxia group(n=32) and severe asphyxia group(n=33) according to the Apgar scale in the Department of Pediatrics, First Hospital of Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture from January 2006 to December 2006. 30 newborns without asphyxia were as the control group (Informed consent was obtained from all participants). The first peripheral blood samples without any treatment were drew for analysis of the serum electrolytes and blood sugar, which were calculated by Chi-square, student-t test and odds ratio (OR).

Besides the serum potassium, other electrolytes (sodium, chlorine, calcium) in the asphyxia group decreased significantly (P<0.01) in contrast to the control group. Far greater incidence suggested by OR analysis that hyponatremia, low blood chlorine, hypocalcemia and high blood sugar were found in the asphyxia group. The low blood sugar and hyperkalemia were less likely to occur, whereas the asphyxiated group were liable to hyperglycemia in comparison to the control group (P<0.01). There were significant difference in hyponatremia, low blood chlorine, hypocalcemia, and high blood sugar between mild and severe asphyxia subgroup (P<0.01).

Neonatal asphyxia may give rise to serum electrolyte disturbance and changes of blood glucose which are the risk factors of disease progress and prognosis. Timely identification and correction of the internal environment would reduce the multiple organ damages.