外周灌注指数(PPI)是新一代反映机体外周组织灌注情况的测量参数，可实时、连续反映新生儿外周组织灌注情况，具有无创、灵敏、准确、方便等优点。近年来，PPI作为评估机体血流动力学状态的工具在新生儿领域应用越来越广泛。临床上主要采用PPI筛查新生儿先天性心脏病(CHD)，早期诊断早产儿动脉导管未闭(PDA)，早期预测新生儿疾病，评估新生儿疾病严重程度，以及预测新生儿不良结局。PPI还可用于指导休克新生儿治疗，评估新生儿贫血的治疗效果，指导危重新生儿撤离呼吸机等。笔者拟就PPI的概念和测量原理，新生儿PPI正常参考值及其影响因素，以及PPI在新生儿领域的临床应用等最新研究现状进行阐述。

Peripheral perfusion index (PPI) is a new generation of measurement parameter reflecting peripheral tissue perfusion. PPI can continuously and in real time reflect peripheral tissue perfusion in neonates, offering advantages such as being non-invasive, sensitive, accurate, and convenient. In recent years, the application of PPI as a tool for evaluating hemodynamic status has become increasingly widespread in neonatology. In clinical practice, PPI is primarily used for screening neonatal congenital heart disease (CHD), early diagnosis of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in preterm infants, early prediction of neonatal diseases, assessment of neonatal disease severity, and prediction of adverse outcomes in neonates. Additionally, PPI can be applied to guide the treatment of neonatal shock, evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of neonatal anemia, and instruct ventilator weaning for critically ill neonates. The author intends to elaborate on the latest research status regarding the concept and measurement principle of PPI, the normal reference values of PPI in neonates and its influencing factors, and clinical application of PPI in neonatology.