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中华妇幼临床医学杂志(电子版) ›› 2024, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (01) : 97 -104. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1673-5250.2024.01.013

论著

宫颈中肾腺癌1例并文献复习
贺媛媛1, 李佳1, 杨红1,()   
  1. 1. 空军军医大学西京医院妇产科,西安 710032
  • 收稿日期:2023-07-18 修回日期:2023-11-04 出版日期:2024-02-01
  • 通信作者: 杨红

Mesonephric adenocarcinoma of uterine cervix: a case report and literature review

Yuanyuan He1, Jia Li1, Hong Yang1,()   

  1. 1. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi′an 710032, Shaanxi Province, China
  • Received:2023-07-18 Revised:2023-11-04 Published:2024-02-01
  • Corresponding author: Hong Yang
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China(82172993)
引用本文:

贺媛媛, 李佳, 杨红. 宫颈中肾腺癌1例并文献复习[J]. 中华妇幼临床医学杂志(电子版), 2024, 20(01): 97-104.

Yuanyuan He, Jia Li, Hong Yang. Mesonephric adenocarcinoma of uterine cervix: a case report and literature review[J]. Chinese Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics(Electronic Edition), 2024, 20(01): 97-104.

目的

探讨宫颈中肾腺癌(MA)患者的临床表现、诊断、治疗和预后。

方法

选择2021年12月于空军军医大学第一附属医院(西京医院)就诊的1例MA患者(患者1)为研究对象。采用回顾性分析法,收集患者1入院后检查结果、主要治疗经过、预后及病理学检查结果。以"宫颈""中肾腺癌""uterine cervix""mesonephric adenocarcinoma"等为中、英文关键词,自中国知网、万方数据库、维普中文科技期刊数据库及PubMed文献数据库中,检索关于宫颈MA相关研究文献。本次文献检索时间设定为上述数据库建库至2023年2月。本研究通过空军军医大学第一附属医院(西京医院)医学伦理委员会的批准(伦理委员会批号:KY20222112-C-1),并与患者1签署知情同意书。

结果

①患者1以不规则阴道流血为首发症状,影像学检查提示可疑宫腔及宫颈占位,宫腔及宫颈组织活检结果提示为腺癌,遂进行经腹广泛性全子宫、双附件、大网膜切除术+盆腔、腹主动脉旁淋巴结清扫术+腹壁脂肪瘤切除术,术后对其采取紫杉醇+卡铂方案化疗4个疗程,随访1年无复发、转移。②文献复习结果:根据本研究设定的文献检索策略,检索涉及关于宫颈MA患者研究的相关文献为25篇,共计纳入27例MA患者(患者2~28)进行研究,结合患者1,共计28例MA患者。这28例患者的发病中位年龄为57岁(27~77岁);19例(19/28,67.9%)患者(患者1~5、7、9、12~14、18~22、24~27)的临床症状为不规则阴道出血,包括绝经后阴道出血。50.0%(9/18)(患者2~3、7、16、21~22、25~27)在妇科查体发现宫颈赘生物。33.3%(8/24)(患者6、10、13、16、21、23~24、27)术前被确诊为MA。78.9%(15/19)(患者1~2、4~7、9、12~14、18、20~22、27)宫颈MA患者确诊时为Ⅰ~Ⅱ期。28.6%(6/21)(患者8、13、15~16、18~19)在随访期内发生宫颈MA复发或转移。

结论

宫颈MA患者预后差,病理学诊断依赖术后切除组织或宫颈锥切组织的免疫组化染色,其治疗及预后,则尚需患者样本积累。基因检测或许可为宫颈MA提供靶向治疗依据。

Objective

To investigate clinical manifestations, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of mesonephric adenocarcinoma (MA) of uterine cervix.

Methods

A patient (patient 1) with MA in the Xijing Hospital of Air Force Medical University in December 2021 was selected in this study. Retrospective analysis was used to collect the examination results, main treatment course, prognosis and pathological examination results of patient 1 after admission. With " cervix" " adenocarcinoma of middle kidney" " uterine cervix" and " mesonephric adeno carcinoma" as Chinese and English key words, the related literatures about cervical MA were searched from CNKI, Wanfang Database, VIP Chinese Sci-tech Journal Database and PubMed. The literature retrieval time was set from the establishment of the above databases to February 2023. This study was approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of the Xijing Hospital of Air Force Medical University (Approve No.KY20222112-C-1 C-1), and the informed consent was signed by the patient.

Results

①The first symptom of patient 1 was irregular vaginal bleeding. Imaging examination revealed suspicious uterine cavity and cervical mass, and uterine cavity and cervical biopsy revealed adenocarcinoma. Then, abdominal extensive total hysterectomy, double appendages, greater omentum resection+ pelvic cavity, abdominal paraaortic lymph node dissection+ abdominal lipoma resection were performed, and paclitaxel + carboplatin regimen chemotherapy was performed for 4 courses after operation. There were no signs of recurrence and metastasis after one year of follow-up. ② Review of the literature: According to the literature retrieval strategy set by this study, 25 articles were retrieved involving cervical MA patients, with a total of 27 MA patients. Combined with the patient 1 in this study, there were a total of 28 MA patients. The age of onset ranged from 27 to 77 years, with a median age of 57 years. The most common clinical symptoms in the 28 patients were irregular vaginal bleeding (19/28, 67.9%), including postmenopausal vaginal bleeding.

Conclusions

Cervical MA has a poor prognosis, pathological diagnosis depends on immunohistochemical staining, and treatment and prognosis still need a large number of cases to accumulate. Gene detection can provide a basis for targeted treatment of renal adenocarcinoma in cervix.

图1 宫颈中肾腺癌患者1(女性,67岁,G3P3)宫颈组织病理学检查结果[图1A:宫颈病变组织HE染色见异形腺体呈不规则腺管状、筛状、乳头状排列,细胞核变圆淡染,可见核仁,间质减少,浸润性生长(HE染色,中倍);图1B:子宫内膜病变组织HE染色见异形腺体呈不规则腺管状、筛状、乳头状排列,细胞核变圆淡染,可见核仁,间质减少,浸润性生长(HE染色,中倍);图1C:宫颈病变组织TTF1局灶阳性(TTF1免疫组化染色,中倍);图1D:宫颈病变组织CD10局灶阳性(CD10免疫组化染色,中倍);图1E:宫颈病变组织PR呈阴性(PR免疫组化染色,中倍);图1F:宫颈病变ER呈阴性(ER免疫组化染色,中倍)]注:HE为苏木素-伊红,TTF1为甲状腺转录因子1, PR为孕激素受体,ER为雌激素受体
表1 28例宫颈MA患者的临床特征
患者编号 文献(第一作者,发表年) 例数 年龄(岁) 孕次/产次 临床表现 查体结果 活组织病理学检查结果 临床分期
1 本研究 1 67 G3P3 绝经后阴道流血 宫颈萎缩,光滑,宫体大小如孕50 d 宫腔、宫颈腺癌 ⅠB2(FIGO 2018)
2 Yap[4],2006 1 54 绝经后阴道流血 宫颈息肉 子宫内膜样腺癌 ⅠB1
3 Fukunagam[5],2008 1 46 G1P1 异常子宫流血 宫颈可见一个外生型脆性肿物 子宫内膜样腺癌
4/5 Nomoto[6],2012 2 64/64 G3P3/G2P2 均为绝经后阴道流血 宫颈萎缩/— 均为子宫内膜样癌 ⅠB2/ⅠB1 (FIGO 2009)
6 Anagnostopoulos[7],2012 1 64 P4a 无症状 宫颈无恶性特征,宫颈中肾腺癌 ⅠB1(FIGO 2009)
7 Menons[8],2013 1 65 绝经后阴道流血 宫颈质硬,宫颈肿物3 cm×3 cm 子宫内膜样腺癌 ⅠB1(FIGO 2009)
8 Abdul-Ghafar[9],2013 1 48 G4P2 无症状 子宫轻度增大,伴多发肿块,全正常
9 Meguro[10],2013 1 63 绝经后阴道出血 未分化癌 ⅡA(FIGO 2009)
10 Yeo[11],2014 1 52 G2P2 中肾腺癌(肺楔形活检) ⅣB
11 Tseng[12],2014 1 59 G6P3 下腹痛伴排尿困难 恶性肿瘤 pT3bN1(病理分级)
12 Puljiz[13],2016 1 57 绝经后阴道流血 宫颈活动性流血 宫颈腺癌 ⅠB2(FIGO 2009)
13 Dierickx[14],2016 1 66 绝经后阴道流血 宫颈锥切提示MA ⅡB(FIGO 2009)
14 Cavalcanti[15],2017 1 59 绝经后阴道流血 神经内分泌特征低分化癌 ⅠB1(FIGO 2009)
15 Skala[16],2019 1 40 盆腔脏器脱垂 子宫内膜中肾增生
16 Montalvo[17],2019 1 48 无症状 宫颈息肉 中肾腺癌
17 Jiang[18],2020 1 48 G2P1 无症状 宫颈正常
18 Reis-De-Carvalho[19],2021 1 60 绝经后阴道流血 宫颈萎缩,余正常 组织学类型不明恶性肿瘤浸润,最终提示HSIL ⅠB1(FIGO 2018)
19 Nili[20],2021 1 46 G4P2 异常子宫流血 宫颈肥大,光滑 中肾增生
20 Devarashetty[21],2022 1 73 绝经后阴道流血 ⅠB
21 侯素平[22],2013 1 27 阴道淋漓流血 宫颈肥大,宫颈口可见乳头状突起 宫颈MA ⅡB(FIGO 2009)
22 李悦[23],2015 1 62 G2P2 绝经后阴道流血 宫颈口可见一鱼肉样组织。左侧阴道穹窿变浅 子宫内膜样腺癌 ⅡA1(FIGO 2009)
23 薛丹[24],2017 1 停经31+4周,咳嗽加重3 d 宫颈肥大,右下腹内可触及包块,质硬 宫颈MA
24 夏琴[25],2018 1 42 不规则阴道流血 MA
25/26 关会娟[26] 2019 2 77/51 —/— 绝经后阴道出血/阴道流血 宫颈口见一5 cm光滑肿物脱/宫颈可见一约2 cm赘生物 子宫内膜间质肉瘤/低分化癌,癌肉瘤,滑膜肉瘤 —/—
27 陈玉莹[27],2020 1 35 G3P1 不规则阴道流血 宫颈增粗,直径约6 cm,呈菜花样 MA ⅠB2(FIGO 2009)
28 闵锐[28],2022 1 49 痛经进行性加重4年、尿频1 子宫颈轻度糜烂,稍肥大
表2 28例宫颈MA患者的病理学检查结果
患者编号 文献(第一作者,发表年) 例数 肿瘤直径(cm) 免疫组化
EMA CEA calretinin vimentin ER PR GATA3 CD10 PAX8 TTF1 Ki-67
1 本研究   4.0 NA NA 包膜+ 部分上皮+ 灶+ 灶+ 灶+ 40%
2 Yap[4],2006 1 2.5 NA NA NA NA NA
3 Fukunagam[5],2008 1 4.0 灶+ NA NA NA 15%~20%
4/5 Nomoto[6],2012 2 5.2/1.5 弥漫+/ 弥漫+ -/- -/- 灶+/弥漫+ -/- -/- 均为 NA 弥漫 +/- 均为 NA 均为 NA 均为 NA
6 Anagnostopoulos[7],2012 1 1.5 NA NA NA 灶+ NA NA
7 Menons[8],2013 1 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
8 Abdul-Ghafar[9],2013 1 NA NA NA NA NA NA 略高
9 Meguro[10],2013 1 1.8 NA NA NA NA NA NA
10 Yeo[11],2014 1 NA 弥漫+ NA 弥漫+ NA 灶+ NA NA
11 Tseng[12],2014 1 6.3 NA NA 灶+ 弥漫+ 灶+ NA 灶+ NA NA NA
12 Puljiz[13],2016 1 5.5 NA NA 弥漫+ NA NA NA NA 60%
13 Dierickx[14],2016 1 3.0 NA NA NA NA NA
14 Cavalcanti[15],2017 1 3.6 NA NA <5% NA 斑片+ 斑片+ NA
15 Skala[16],2019 1 2.7 NA NA NA 弥漫+ NA NA 10%
16 Montalvo[17],2019 1 NA NA NA NA NA NA 46%
17 Jiang[18],2020 1 4 NA NA 灶+ NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
18 Reis-De-Carvalho[19],2021 1 1.5 NA NA NA NA NA NA
19 Nili[20],2021 1 4.5 NA 灶+ 灶+ NA 灶+ NA NA
20 Devarashetty[21],2022 1 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
21 侯素平[22],2013 1 3.5 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
22 李悦[23],2015 1 NA NA NA NA NA
23 薛丹[24],2017 1 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
24 夏琴[25],2018 1 1.5 NA NA 强+ NA NA
25/26 关会娟[26],2019 2 5.0/3.0 灶+/灶+ -/- 均为 NA 均为弥 漫强+ -/- -/- +/+ 均为弥 漫强+ 均为弥 漫强+ 均为 NA 20%~60%a
27 陈玉莹[27],2020 1 3 NA NA NA NA 灶+ NA 15%
28 闵锐[28],2022 1 NA NA NA 灶+ NA NA NA <5%
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