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中华妇幼临床医学杂志(电子版) ›› 2021, Vol. 17 ›› Issue (04) : 482 -487. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1673-5250.2021.04.016

综述

右美托咪定在儿童患者麻醉中的应用
周红玉, 李羽()   
  • 收稿日期:2021-03-11 修回日期:2021-07-16 出版日期:2021-08-01
  • 通信作者: 李羽

Applications of dexmedetomidine in pediatric anesthesia

Hongyu Zhou, Yu Li()   

  • Received:2021-03-11 Revised:2021-07-16 Published:2021-08-01
  • Corresponding author: Yu Li
  • Supported by:
    Key Research Project of Science and Technology Department of Sichuan Province(2018SZ0217)
引用本文:

周红玉, 李羽. 右美托咪定在儿童患者麻醉中的应用[J/OL]. 中华妇幼临床医学杂志(电子版), 2021, 17(04): 482-487.

Hongyu Zhou, Yu Li. Applications of dexmedetomidine in pediatric anesthesia[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics(Electronic Edition), 2021, 17(04): 482-487.

右美托咪定(DEX)是高选择性α2-肾上腺素能受体激动剂,具有镇静、镇痛、抗焦虑等作用,导致的患儿呼吸抑制发生率较低,可减少其他麻醉药物用量。近年DEX在临床上逐渐被应用于儿童,甚至新生儿麻醉中,具有可减轻患儿术后疼痛,降低苏醒期躁动发生率等优势。笔者拟就DEX的药理作用、在儿童体内药代动力学、围手术期和辅助检查中应用,以及不良反应的研究进展进行阐述,旨在为DEX用于儿童麻醉提供参考。

Dexmedetomidine (DEX) is a highly selective α2 adrenergic agonist with sedative, analgesic and anxiolytic effects, resulting in a low incidence of respiratory depression, and can reduce the dose of other anesthetics. Clinical use of DEX has been increased in pediatric and even neonatal anesthesia recently. It has been shown to relieve postoperative pain and reduce incidence of emergence agitation. In order to provide reference for clinical application of DEX in pediatric anesthesia, this article reviews research progress of DEX in detail, including pharmacological effect and pharmacokinetics, its clinical application in perioperative period and auxiliary examinations, and related adverse reactions.

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