探讨对国家儿童医学中心(以下简称为本中心)青年儿科医师培养机制研究现状。

选择2020年本中心430位在职青年儿科医师(年龄≤45岁)为调查对象。采用本研究自行设计的《国家儿童医学中心青年儿科医师培养机制调查问卷》，主要包括①纳入调查对象基本情况；②本中心为纳入调查对象提供科研条件情况；③本中心对纳入调查对象的选拔、培养、激励机制方面存在问题等进行调查，并对调查结果进行统计学分析。对不同职称被调查对象认为本中心人才队伍建设、培养等方面存在的问题比较采用χ²检验。本调查遵循的程序符合2013年新修订的《世界医学协会赫尔辛基宣言》要求。

对这430位被调查对象的问卷调查结果如下。①基本情况：女性占73.9%(318/430)，男性占26.1%(112/430)；硕士研究生学历占58.8%(253/430)；副高及以上职称、中级职称、初级及以下职称分别占22.6%(97/430)、33.5%(144/430)与43.9%(189/430)。②科研条件：59.3%(255/430)被调查对象认为对科研课题申报等培训措施不到位，并且66.7%(287/430)认为科室办公条件比较拥挤、嘈杂，工作条件较差，42.8%(184/430)认为行政职能部门支持力度不够。③搭建平台：61.2%(263/430)被调查对象认为继续深造机会少，54.0%(232/430)认为其内部缺乏交流，73.3%(315/430)认为个人成长缺乏团队支持。④激励措施：70.0%(301/430)被调查对象认为本中心激励方式单一，对调动其积极性作用不大，61.2%(263/430)认为激励措施无针对性，62.8%(270/430)认为对其自我学习、提高激励作用不足。⑤结构配置：认为本中心年龄结构及其专业结构、学历与职称结构配置不合理的被调查对象所占比例分别为68.6%(295/430)、62.8%(270/430)、50.7%(218/430)。⑥培养途径：69.7%(297/430)被调查对象认为是政府或本中心重点人才培养计划；68.8%(296/430)认为是政府或本中心科研项目资助计划；60.7%(261/430)认为是本中心支持攻读更高学位。⑦存在问题：副高及以上、中级、初级及以下职称被调查对象认为对其激励措施较少所占比例分别为46.4%(45/97)、56.9% (82/144)、63.5% (120/189)，3者比较，差异有统计学意义(χ²＝7.690，P＝0.021)。

本中心对被调查对象人才培养提供的科研条件、工作环境、行政职能部门支持、成长平台、激励措施、人才结构配置及人才培养途径等尚存在不足，亟待加强和改善，以激发其潜能，进而提高医疗质量。

To explore current research situation of talent training mechanism of young pediatricians in National Center for Children′s Health of China (hereinafter referred to as " our center" ).

A total of 430 cases of young pediatricians on-the-job (≤45 years old) in 2020 of National Center for Children′s Health Hospital were selected as research subjects. Self-designed Questionnaire on Talent Training Mechanism of Young Pediatricians in National Center for Children′s Health Hospital was used to Investigate the basic situation investigated subjects, scientific research conditions that our center provided for investigated subjects and problems in selection, training, and incentive mechanism of our center, and survey results were analyzed by statistical methods. Problems in talent construction and training of the hospital that investigated subjects thought were compared by chi-square test among investigated subjects with different professional titles. The procedures followed in this investigation were in line with the requirements of World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki revised in 2013.

Questionnaire survey results of these 430 investigated subjects were as follows. ①Basic situation: women accounted for 73.9% (318/430) and men accounted for 26.1% (112/430), investigated subjects with master degree accounted for 58.8% (253/430). Investigated subjects with vice senior and above titles, intermediate titles, junior and below titles accounted for 22.6% (97/430), 33.5% (144/430) and 43.9% (189/430), respectively. ②Scientific research conditions: 59.3% (255/430) investigated subjects thought that the training measures such as application for scientific research projects were inadequate, 66.7% (287/430) investigated subjects thought that the office conditions were crowded and noisy, and the working conditions were poor, and 42.8% (184/430) thought that supports from administrative functional departments were insufficient. ③Platform for development: 61.2% (263/430) thought that there were few opportunities for further study, 54.0% (232/430) thought that there was a lack of communication among young pediatricians, and 73.3% (315/430) believed that it was lack of team support for personal growth. ④Incentive measures: 70.0% (301/430) investigated subjects thought that the incentive mode was monotonous which had little effect on mobilizing the enthusiasm of young pediatricians, 61.2% (263/430) thought that incentive measures were not pertinent, and 62.8% (270/430) thought that effect of incentives for self-learning and improving were insufficient. ⑤Structure allocation: proportions of investigated subjects who thought that allocation of age structure, professional structure, educational background and professional title structure were unreasonable were 68.6% (295/430), 62.8% (270/430) and 50.7% (218/430), respectively. ⑥Cultivation ways: 69.7% (297/430) investigated subjects considered that the effective cultivation way was key talent training plan of government or our center, 68.8% (296/430) thought that it was the scientific research projects supported by government or our center, and 60.7% (261/430) thought that it was studying for a higher degree supported by our center. ⑦Existing problems: rates of investigated subjects with vice senior and above titles, intermediate titles, and junior and below titles considered that there were few effective incentive measures for them were 46.4% (45/97), 56.9% (82/144) and 63.5% (120/189) respectively, and the difference was statistically significant (χ²=7.690, P=0.021).

There are still deficiencies in scientific research conditions, working environment, support of administrative functional departments, development platform, incentive measures, talent structure allocation and talent training ways provided by our center for talent training of investigated subjects, which need to be strengthened and improved in order to stimulate the talent potential of young pediatricians and improve medical quality.