[1] |
American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. ACOG Practice Bulletin: Clinical Management Guidelines for Obstetrician-Gynecologists Number 76, October 2006: postpartum hemorrhage[J]. Obstet Gynecol, 2006, 108(4):1039–1047.
|
[2] |
Tuncalp O, Souza JP, Gulmezoglu M. New WHO recommendations on prevention and treatment of postpartum hemorrhage[J]. Int J Gynaecol Obstet, 2013, 123(3):254–256.
|
[3] |
Royal College of Obstetrician and Gynaecologists. Postpartum hemorrhage, prevention and management. RCOG Green-top Guideline No. 52(2011,4)[J]. Exp Rev Obstet Gynecol, 2011,8(6):525–537.
|
[4] |
中华医学会妇产科学分会产科学组:产后出血预防与处理指南[J]. 中华妇产科杂志,2014, 49(9):641–649.
|
[5] |
Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists. Management of postpartum hemorrhage[R]. 2014,1–55.
|
[6] |
World Health Organization. WHO recommendations for the prevention and treatment of postpartum hemorrhage[J]. 2012.
|
[7] |
张方林. 产科速查. 2版[M]. 北京:中国人民卫生出版社:2001,16–21.
|
[8] |
Prata N, Hamza S, Bell S, et al. Inability to predict postpartum hemorrhage: insights from Egyptian intervention data[J]. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth, 2011, 11:97–99.
|
[9] |
刘兴会,陈锰.重视胎盘因素导致的产后出血[J/CD].中华妇幼临床医学杂志:电子版,2011,7(7):413–415.
|
[10] |
Wetta LA, Szychowski JM, Seals S, et al. Risk factors for uterine atony/postpartum hemorrhage requiring treatment after vaginal delivery[J]. Am J Obstet Gynecol, 2013, 209(1): e51–e56.
|
[11] |
Quantification of blood loss: AWHONN practice brief number 1[J]. Nurs Womens Health, 2015, 19(1):96–98.
|
[12] |
Toledo P, Eosakul ST, Goetz K, et al. Decay in blood loss estimation skills after web-based didactic training[J]. Simul Healthc, 2012, 7(1):18–21.
|
[13] |
Zhang WH, Deneux-Tharaux C, Brocklehurst P, et al. Effect of a collector bag for measurement of postpartum blood loss after vaginal delivery: cluster randomised trial in 13 European countries[J]. BMJ, 2010, 340:c293.
|
[14] |
Guly HR, Bouamra O, Spiers M, et al. Vital signs and estimated blood loss in patients with major trauma: testing the validity of the ATLS classification of hypovolaemic shock[J]. Resuscitation, 2011, 82(5):556–559.
|
[15] |
Bruns B, Gentilello L, Elliott A, et al. Prehospital hypotension redefined[J]. J Trauma, 2008, 65(6):1217–1221.
|
[16] |
Baron BJ, Sinert R, Zehtabchi S, et al. Diagnostic utility of sublingual PCO2 for detecting hemorrhage in penetrating trauma patients[J]. J Trauma, 2004, 57(1):69–74.
|
[17] |
肖玲,王心,尚丽新.重度产后出血的原因分析及防治措施[J/CD].中华妇幼临床医学杂志:电子版,2013,9(5):617–620.
|
[18] |
Brasel KJ, Guse C, Gentilello LM, et al. Heart rate: is it truly a vital sign?[J]. J Trauma, 2007, 62(4):812–817.
|
[19] |
Thompson D, Adams SL, Barrett J. Relative bradycardia in patients with isolated penetrating abdominal trauma and isolated extremity trauma[J]. Ann Emerg Med, 1990, 19(3):268–275.
|
[20] |
Trauma ACoSCo. Advanced Trauma Life Support (ATLS)[J]. Shock, 2004, 74(5):1363–1366.
|
[21] |
Cantwell R, Clutton-Brock T, Cooper G, et al. Saving mothers' lives: reviewing maternal deaths to make motherhood safer: 2006-2008. The Eighth Report of the Confidential Enquiries into Maternal Deaths in the United Kingdom[J]. BJOG, 2011, 118(Suppl 1):1–203.
|
[22] |
Committee ACoST. Advanced trauma life support for doctors,2008[J]. Am College Sur, 2008,25–33.
|
[23] |
Pacagnella RC, Souza JP, Durocher J, et al. A systematic review of the relationship between blood loss and clinical signs[J]. PLoS One, 2013, 8(3):e57594.
|
[24] |
刘兴会,陈锰. 产后出血的药物和手术治疗评价[J/CD].中华妇幼临床医学杂志:电子版,2013,9(2):140–143.
|
[25] |
Otero R, Bryant Nguyen H, Rivers E. Approach to the patient in shock. In: Tintinalli J, Cline D, eds. 7th ed [M]. Tintinalli's Emerg Med Manual, 2012: 165–172.
|
[26] |
Nathan HL, El Ayadi A, Hezelgrave NL, et al. Shock index: an effective predictor of outcome in postpartum hemorrhage?[J]. BJOG, 2015, 122(2):268–275.
|
[27] |
Le Bas A, Chandraharan E, Addei A, et al,Use of the"obstetric shock index" as an adjunct in identifying significant blood loss in patients with massive postpartum hemorrhage[J]. Int J Gynaecol Obstet, 2014, 124(3):253–255.
|
[28] |
de Lloyd L, Bovington R, Kaye A, et al. Standard hemostatic tests following major obstetric hemorrhage[J]. Int J Obstet Anesth, 2011, 20(2):135–141.
|
[29] |
Thorson CM, Ryan ML, Van Haren RM, et al. Change in hematocrit during trauma assessment predicts bleeding even with ongoing fluid resuscitation[J]. Am Surg, 2013, 79(4):398–406.
|
[30] |
ACOG educational bulletin. Postpartum hemorrhage. Number 243, January 1998 (replaces No. 143, July 1990). American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists[J]. Int J Gynaecol Obstet, 1998, 61(1):79–86.
|
[31] |
Roman AS, Tabsh KM. Myomectomy at time of cesarean delivery: a retrospective cohort study[J]. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth, 2004, 4(1):14.
|
[32] |
Mutschler M, Nienaber U, Wafaisade A, et al. The impact of severe traumatic brain injury on a novel base deficit- based classification of hypovolemic shock[J]. Scand J Trauma Resusc Emerg Med, 2014, 22:28.
|
[33] |
Callaway DW, Shapiro NI, Donnino MW, et al, Serum lactate and base deficit as predictors of mortality in normotensive elderly blunt trauma patients[J]. J Trauma, 2009, 66(4):1040–1044.
|
[34] |
Paladino L, Sinert R, Wallace D, et al. The utility of base deficit and arterial lactate in differentiating major from minor injury in trauma patients with normal vital signs[J]. Resuscitation, 2008, 77(3):363–368.
|
[35] |
Jansen TC, van Bommel J, Mulder PG, et al. The prognostic value of blood lactate levels relative to that of vital signs in the pre-hospital setting: a pilot study[J]. Crit Care, 2008, 12(6):R160.
|
[36] |
O'Riordan MN, Higgins JR: Hemostasis in normal and abnormal pregnancy[J]. Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol, 2003, 17(3):385–396.
|
[37] |
Thachil J, Toh CH. Disseminated intravascular coagulation in obstetric disorders and its acute hematological management[J]. Blood Rev, 2009, 23(4):167–176.
|
[38] |
Allard S, Green L, Hunt BJ. How we manage the hematological aspects of major obstetric hemorrhage[J]. Br J Hematol, 2014, 164(2):177–188.
|
[39] |
Liu XH, Jiang YM, Shi H, et al. Prospective, sequential, longitudinal study of coagulation changes during pregnancy in Chinese women[J]. Int J Gynaecol Obstet, 2009, 105(3):240–243.
|
[40] |
Szecsi PB, Jorgensen M, Klajnbard A, et al. Hemostatic reference intervals in pregnancy[J]. Thromb Hemost, 2010, 103(4):718–727.
|
[41] |
Collis RE, Collins PW. Hemostatic management of obstetric hemorrhage[J]. Anaesthesia, 2015, 70 (Suppl 1):78–86, e27-e28.
|
[42] |
Gayat E, Resche-Rigon M, Morel O et al: Predictive factors of advanced interventional procedures in a multicentre severe postpartum hemorrhage study[J]. Intensive Care Med 2011, 37(11):1816–1825.
|
[43] |
Solomon C, Collis RE, Collins PW. Hemostatic monitoring during postpartum hemorrhage and implications for management[J]. Br J Anaesth, 2012, 109(6):851–863.
|
[44] |
Hill JS, Devenie G, Powell M. Point-of-care testing of coagulation and fibrinolytic status during postpartum hemorrhage: developing a thrombelastography(R)-guided transfusion algorithm[J]. Anaesth Intensive Care, 2012, 40(6):1007–1015.
|