儿童孤独症是起病于婴幼儿时期的一种严重的广泛性发育障碍。该病以社会交往障碍、语言交流障碍和重复刻板行为的三联征为临床特点，并伴有不同程度的智力低下、感知觉障碍和情绪、情感异常等表现，常预后不良。儿童孤独症主要采用综合性治疗，包括特殊教育训练、行为矫正、辅助性物理治疗及药物治疗。该病尚无特异性药物治疗方案，目前采用的治疗药物包括抗精神病药物、抗抑郁药物、心境稳定剂和儿童注意缺陷及多动障碍治疗药物等。上述药物主要针对患儿的伴随精神症状进行对症治疗，从而提高患儿生存质量。笔者通过归纳我国儿童孤独症的治疗药物及其作用机制和应用疗效，旨在为进一步探索儿童孤独症的药物治疗提供参考。

Childhood autism is a serious broad developmental disorders starting in early childhood. The clinical characteristics of this disease mainly include social communication disorders, language communication obstacles and repeat stereotyped behavior, which associate with different degrees of mental retardation, abnormal perceptual mood and emotional abnormalities such as performance. Childhood autism often have poor prognosis. Comprehensive treatment has been mainly adopted for the disease, including special education training, behavior modification, auxiliary physical and drug therapy. There is no specific drug treatment for the disease. Antipsychotic drugs, antidepressant drugs, drugs treated for mood stabilizing and children attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder, etc. are currently used, which mainly used for symptomatic treatment of children with mental symptoms,so as to improve the quality of life. The author summarizes the usage and mechanism of drugs for childhood autism and their curative effect, in order to provide reference to further explore the drug therapy of childhood autism.