哺乳期乳腺炎是乳汁未能及时排出而在乳腺内积存，形成乳汁淤积性乳腺炎，其临床表现为乳腺胀痛、体温略升高、乳房局部皮肤表面充血伴轻度压痛。若吸出积存乳汁，炎症常可消退，若未及时处理，可继发细菌感染形成急性化脓性乳腺炎。大部分哺乳期乳腺炎治疗较为容易，但仍有部分类型乳腺炎治疗较为困难，易形成乳腺脓肿，故称为难治性哺乳期乳腺炎。作者拟就几种难治性哺乳期乳腺炎的临床特点和治疗方法，综述如下。

Lactation mastitis is a disease which milk can not be discharged in time and accumulated in the breasts.The clinical symptoms of lactation mastitis include breast tenderness, mild fever and skin hyperemia. If the accumulated milk is sucked out, the inflammation usually can subside. If the accumulated milk is not promptly treated, it may cause secondary bacterial infection, even acute breast abscess. Most lactation mastitis is easy to treat relatively, but there are still some types of mastitis which is more difficult to treat and easy to develop to breast abscess, so we called them refractory lactation mastitis.This article focus on the clinical features and ralated treatment of refractory lactation mastitis.