探讨静脉留置针在小儿增强CT中的优势。

选择2010年6月至2011年6月因病情需要于本院CT室行儿科增强CT检查的0～8岁患儿862例为研究对象，其中男性患儿为485例，女性为377例。按照不同的穿刺方法，将其随机将其分为静脉留置针组(n＝431)和头皮针组(n＝431)(本研究遵循的程序符合本院人体试验委员会制定的伦理学标准，得到该委员会批准，分组征得患儿监护人的知情同意，并与之签署临床研究知情同意书)。2组患儿的年龄、性别等比较，差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。观察患儿穿刺部位有无肿胀和渗漏现象，并比较静脉留置针在小儿增强CT中的优缺点。

头皮针穿刺组的一次性穿刺成功率为97.2%(419/431)，发生渗漏者为12例(2.8%)；静脉留置针穿刺组的一次性穿刺成功率为99.1%(427/431)，发生渗漏者为4例(0.9%)，2组一次性穿刺成功率比较，差异有统计学意义(χ²＝4.07，P＝0.04)。头皮针穿刺组患儿较静脉留置针组抗拒明显。

使用静脉留置针安全迅速、刺激小、易于操作、便于固定、减少对患儿反复穿刺，较头皮针更具优越性。

To investigate the advantages of intravenous catheter needle in enhancement CT in children.

From June 2010 to June 2011, a total of 862 pediatric patients (485 boys and 377 girls, at the age of 0-8) who were underwent enhancement CT for various reasons were included into this study. Informed consent was obtained from all participates. According to different puncture methods, they were randomly divided into intravenous catheter needle group (n=431) and scalp needle group (n=431). The swelling and leakage of the puncture site were observed. The study protocol was approved by the Ethical Review Board of Investigation in Human Being of West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University. Informed consent was obtained from all participants.

The rate of success puncturation in intravenous catheter needle group were higher than that of scalp needle group [99.1%(427/431) vs. 97.2%(419/431)], with significant difference (P<0.05). The leakage was observed in 12 cases (2.8%) and 4 cases (0.9%) in scalp needle group and intravenous catheter needle group, respectively (χ²=4.07, P=0.04). Compared with scalp needle group, the resistance of puncture in children were more obvious than that of intravenous catheter group.

The intravenous catheter needles are easy to operate, fixed and could reduce pain than scalp needles in enhancement CT in children.