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中华妇幼临床医学杂志(电子版)

中华妇幼临床医学杂志(电子版) ›› 2012, Vol. 08 ›› Issue (03) : 269 -272. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1673-5250.2012.03.004

所属专题： 文献；

论著

广州市社区卫生服务机构妇幼保健工作现状及资源配置公平性研究
冯琼1, 周凤娟1, 修丽娟1, 沈松英1, 丘岚1, 夏晓燕1, 邱琇1, 夏慧敏1,*,*()   
  1. 1. 510623　广州，广州市妇女儿童医疗中心
  • 收稿日期:2012-02-01 修回日期:2012-05-02 出版日期:2012-06-01
  • 通信作者: 夏慧敏

The Status of Maternal and Child Health Work, Fairness of Resource Allocation in Guangzhou Maternal and Child Health Community

Qiong FENG1, Feng-juan ZHOU1, Li-juan XIU1, Song-ying SHEN1, Lan QIU1, Xiao-yan XIA1, Xiu QIU1, Hui-min XIA1()   

  1. 1. Guangzhou Women and Children Medical Center, Guangzhou 510623, Guangdong Province, China
  • Received:2012-02-01 Revised:2012-05-02 Published:2012-06-01
  • Corresponding author: Hui-min XIA
  • About author:
    (Corresponding author: XIA Hui-min, Email: )
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冯琼, 周凤娟, 修丽娟, 沈松英, 丘岚, 夏晓燕, 邱琇, 夏慧敏. 广州市社区卫生服务机构妇幼保健工作现状及资源配置公平性研究[J]. 中华妇幼临床医学杂志(电子版), 2012, 08(03): 269-272.

Qiong FENG, Feng-juan ZHOU, Li-juan XIU, Song-ying SHEN, Lan QIU, Xiao-yan XIA, Xiu QIU, Hui-min XIA. The Status of Maternal and Child Health Work, Fairness of Resource Allocation in Guangzhou Maternal and Child Health Community[J]. Chinese Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics(Electronic Edition), 2012, 08(03): 269-272.

目的

探讨广州市社区卫生服务机构妇幼保健工作开展现状、资源配置情况及其公平性。

方法

2010年12月至2011年2月，广州市妇幼保健院采用自行设计的《社区卫生服务机构及镇医院妇幼保健工作基本情况调查表》对广州市提供社区卫生服务机构进行普查，并运用Lorenz曲线和Gini系数分析法，进行社区妇幼保健服务人力资源配置及其公平性进行评价。

结果

广州市10个区及2个县级市，共计195家社区卫生服务机构接受调查，从业妇幼保健的人员共计735位。按照服务人口测算，社区卫生妇幼机构及妇幼保健人力资源配置的Gini系数分别为0.107，0.114；按照辖域面积测算，社区卫生妇幼机构及妇幼保健人力资源配置的Gini系数分别为0.509，0.598。按照辖域面积测算的Gini系数处于公平性配置警戒区域。

结论

广州市社区卫生服务机构总体布局基本合理，达到国家覆盖人口设置标准，但公平性尚待改善，社区卫生服务人员结构仍尚待改善。

关键词: 社区卫生服务, 妇幼保健服务, 卫生服务可及性
Objective

To overall study the status of maternal and child health work, the fairness of resource allocation in the Guangzhou maternal and child health community.

Methods

All the communities in Guangzhou were investigated by Maternal and Child Health Community Institutions Questionnaire which was designed by Maternal and Child Heath Hospital of Guangzhou City from December 2010 to February 2011. The investigation based on the situation of the Guangzhou maternal and child health agencies and took the Lorenz curves and Gini coefficient to analysis the fairness of human resources.

Results

There were 735 maternal and child health care staffs and 195 health service agencies at 12 districts in Guangzhou. Estimated by the population, the Gini coefficient of agencies was 0.107, and the human resources was 0.114. Calculated by the area, they were 0.509 and 0.598, respectively. The results indicated that the fairness of human resource was on the critical line.

Conclusions

The overall layout of agencies was reasonable in Guangzhou, which has reached the standard setting of the country covering service population. However, further development and improvement should be conducted on the fairness and structure of human resource in the health community.

Key words: community health service, maternal health service, health services accessibility
表1 广州市各辖区社区卫生服务机构配置和覆盖人口情况
Table 1 Configuration of community health service units and covering population in Guangzhou
社区 面积(km2) 总人口数(×104) 常住人口数(×104) 社区卫生服务机构数 妇幼保健人员数
荔湾区 59.1 76 73 22 54
越秀区 33.8 139 103 22 84
海珠区 90.4 194 135 18 58
天河区 96.3 171 115 23 61
白云区 795.8 216 164 19 74
黄浦区 91.0 42 30 9 29
番禺区 786.2 273 151 32 84
花都区 970.0 114 74 13 36
南沙区 527.7 26 19 5 10
萝岗区 393.2 49 22 7 14
增城区 1616.5 158 80 14 150
从化区 1974.5 60 52 11 81
合计 7434.5 1518 1018 195 735
表2 社区妇幼保健服务的人员特征构成[n(%)]
Table 2 Characteristics of the staff who work in maternal and child health services units [n(%)]
人员结构 构成比 人员结构 构成比
年龄(岁) ? 职称 ?
? ≤25 110 (15.0) ? 初级 432 (66.8)
? 26～35 343 (46.6) ? 中级 183 (28.3)
? 36～45 201 (27.4) ? 副高 29 (4.5)
? 46～55 64 (8.7) ? 正高 3 (0.5)
? ≥56 17 (2.3) ? 合计 648(100.0)
? 合计 735(100.0) 专业 ?
学历 ? ? 临床医学 392 (53.3)
? 初中 2 (0.3) ? 公共卫生学 196 (26.6)
? 高中或中专 144 (19.6) ? 护理学 148 (20.1)
? 大专 317 (43.1) ? 合计 735(100.0)
? 本科 270 (36.7) 工作年限(年) ?
? 硕士 2 (0.3) ? ≤1 172 (23.3)
? 合计 735(100.0) ? 1～5 254 (34.5)
? ? ? ? 6～10 124 (16.9)
? ? ? ? ≥11 185 (25.2)
? ? ? ? 合计 735(100.0)
图1 社区卫生服务机构按常住人口分布的Lorenz曲线
Figure 1 Lorenz curve of the community health service units according to the resident population distribution
图2 妇幼保健人员按常住人口分布的Lorenz曲线
Figure 2 Lorenz curve of the staff according to the resident population distribution
图3 社区卫生服务机构按地域面积分布的Lorenz曲线
Figure 3 Lorenz curve of the community health service units according to the geographical area distribution
图4 妇幼保健人员按地域面积分布的Lorenz曲线
Figure 4 Lorenz curve of staff according to the geographical area distribution
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