探讨成年女性压力性尿失禁的危险因素。

2009年2月，在中国人民解放军总医院第一附属医院妇产科开展成年女性压力性尿失禁配对病例对照研究。受试者来自北京地区6个区、县的48个居委会(村)的20岁以上女性，对其中依据国际尿失禁咨询委员会推荐的《女性下尿路症状国际尿失禁标准问卷》调查结果，符合压力性尿失禁(stress urinary incontinence, SUI)诊断标准的患者纳入病例组(n＝394)。对照组为相同年龄、同一居委会(村)的不符合压力性尿失禁诊断，并排除其他类型尿失禁的女性受试者(n＝394)。将其按照1∶1的比例选择对照，应用统一设计的调查表进行调查。危险因素的分析采用条件logistic回归分析。本研究得到中国人民解放军总医院第一附属医院伦理委员会批准，并与全部调查对象签署知情同意书。

本研究病例组和对照组人口学特征基本一致。两组单因素条件logistic回归分析显示，超重或肥胖、阴道炎、宫颈炎、附件炎、慢性盆腔痛、膳食纤维摄入量、便秘和生活压力大8个因素的结果比较，差异有显著意义(P<0.05)。多因素条件logistic回归分析显示，5个因素进入回归方程，为压力性尿失禁的独立危险因素，分别为超重或肥胖(OR＝1.74，95%CI：1.18～2.56)、阴道炎(OR＝2.81，95%CI：1.49～5.29)、慢性盆腔痛(OR＝1.50，95%CI：1.02～2.23)、便秘(OR＝1.56，95%CI：1.02～2.38)、生活压力大(OR＝11.17，95%CI：4.37～28.69)。

压力性尿失禁是对女性健康危害严重的一种常见病，针对其危险因素所采取的人群干预和治疗亟待开展。

To examine risk factors associated with stress urinary incontinence(SUI) among adult women.

A paired case-control study was conducted in February 2009 at the First Affiliated Hospital of Chinese PLA General Hospital. Stress urinary incontinence cases who were more than 20 years old were selected from 48 communities in 6 districts of Beijing, and they were current stress urinary incontinence patients in terms of ICIQ-FLUTS recommended by International Consultation on Incontinence(ICI)(case group, n=394). Another 394 women without stress urinary incontinence were included into control group. Three hundred and ninety-four pairs of participants were recruited in this study. Participants of control group were selected from same community at same age and without any type of urinary incontinence. Both two groups were investigated by using a standard questionnaire. The study protocol was approved by the Institutional Review Board of First Affiliated Hospital of Chinese PLA General Hospital. Informed consent was obtained from all participants.

Main demographic characteristics were similar between both groups. Overweight or obesity, vaginitis, cervicitis, adnexitis, chronic pelvic pain, intake of dietary fiber, constipation, and stress showed significant difference between case group and control group by bivariate logistic regress analysis. Five risk factors were entered the logistic regression model: Overweight or obesity(OR=1.74, 95%CI: 1.18-2.56), vaginitis(OR=2.81, 95%CI: 1.49-5.29), chronic pelvic pain(OR=1.50, 95%CI: 1.02-2.23), constipation(OR=1.56, 95%CI: 1.02-2.38)and pressure (OR=11.17, 95%CI: 4.37-28.69)were significantly associated with stress urinary incontinence.

Stress urinary incontinence is a common and severe disease. Specific measures including community intervention and clinical treatment targeting risk factors should be conducted.