分析导致儿童缺铁性贫血(iron deficiency anemia，IDA)的病因、贫血程度等危险因素，有助于早期诊断和及时治疗，以减少IDA对儿童健康的不利影响。

用回顾性分析法，分析本院儿科2000年1月至2006年3月收治的114例IDA患儿。

本组中，IDA高发于婴、幼儿(76.32%，87/114)，并且患儿的贫血程度与年龄相关(P＝0.000)；男性(75/114，65.79%)较女性(39例，34.21%)多，并且男孩贫血程度重者居多(P>0.05)；农村儿童较城市儿童患病率高，且贫血程度重(P<0.05)。114例重度贫血患儿中，55例为农村患儿(48.25%)，41例为城市患儿(35.96%)；母乳喂养但未按时添加辅食导致的IDA患病率(64.04%，73/114)较人工喂养、混合喂养的高，贫血程度重(P<0.05)。IDA的病程越长，贫血程度越重(P＝0)。114例IDA，住院病例中，有合并症者居多(94/114，82.46%)，合并感染者次之(57/114，50%)，其中以合并呼吸道感染为多见(40.35%)。

IDA贫血程度与年龄、居住地、喂养方式及病程关系密切，可能与合并症、性别有关。IDA对健康影响大，对高危人群危险因素的预防和早期诊断意义重大。

To analyze reasons and anemia degree of risk factors of childhood iron deficiency anemia(IDA) which will be helpful for both early diagnosis and treatment, in order to reduce adverse effects on children's health.

A retrospective study involving 114 inpatients of clinical data was carried out to analyze the IDA from January 2000 to March 2006 in our hospital.

The prevalence rate of IDA was highest in infants(76.32%), there was a higher correlation between degree of anemia and age(P=0). IDA in countryside was more prevalent than that in city, and with severe degree of anemia(P<0.05). There were 55 infants(48.25%) with mild-to-moderate anemia among patients from countryside, meanwhile 41 infants (35.96%) from city. The prevalence rate of IDA was higher(64.04%)in infants with breast-feeding without supplement on time than that in infants with artificial feeding and mixed feeding, and also the former presented severe degree of anemia (P<0.05). The children with longer course of disease showed more severe degree of anemia (P=0.000). Inpatients of IDA with varied complications accounted for 82.46%, of which concurrent infection comprised 50.00%, respiratory infections(40.35%)were seen most frequently.

The degree of anemia was closely related to patients' age, residential quarters, feeding patterns, course of diseases, and also possibly relevant to complication and gender. Because IDA can lead to impairment of health, prevention aimed directly at high risk groups, risk factors and early diagnoses are very important.