了解湖南省湘南地区近10年新生儿败血症病原菌的变迁及药敏变化。

对2001年1月至2005年12月本院收治的新生儿血培养检出菌、药敏试验结果及临床用药进行回顾性调查，并与1991年1月至1995年12月的调查结果进行对比分析。

共检出病原菌14种，292株。10年前与10年后比较，金黄色葡萄球菌(简称为金萄菌)、凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌(CNS)检出率构成比下降，大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯杆菌等革兰阴性菌检出率构成比明显增加(P<0.10)。各检出菌对常用抗生素的敏感率均呈下降趋势。金萄菌对青霉素族和头孢唑啉、头孢他定，CNS对阿米卡星、头孢呋新敏感率均显著下降(P< 0.05)，大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯杆菌对庆大霉素、阿米卡星的敏感率也在下降。

金葡菌、CNS、大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯杆菌是新生儿重症监护病房(NICU)中新生儿败血症最常见的几种病原菌，对常用抗生素的敏感性10年来显著下降。

To investigate change of pathogens and antibiotic resistance in neonatal sepsis.

A retrospective study of positive organisms of blood cultures and the results of antimicrobial susceptibility testing accounting for 292 samples was conducted, and the etiologic finding companed between January 1991 to Decenber 1995 and February 2001 to Apral 2005

14 kinds of pathogenic organism and 292 stains were identified.The detection rates of Staphylococcus aureus and Coagulase negative staphyloclccus(CNS)were decreased, but they were still the most common organism in all.E.coli, Klebasiella pneumoniae were increased(P < 0.10).The susceptibilities of Penicillin and Cephazoline and Ceftazidine to Staphylococcus aureus, Amikacin and Cefuroxime to CNS, Gentamicin and Amikacin to E.coli and Klebasiella pneumoniae were decreased markedly(P<0.05).

Staphylococcus aureus, CNS, E.coli, Klebasiella pneumoniae are the most common pathyogenic bacteria for neonatal sepsis, and the common antibiotic sensitivity to them has decreased obviously.